Part 1

Question 1

Static Variable

Answer 1

Bound to memory cells before execution, begins and remains bound to the same memory cell throughout execution

Question 2

Stack Dynamic

Answer 2

Storage bindings are created for variables when their declaration statements are elaborated

Question 3

Explicit heap-Dynamic

Answer 3

Allocated and Deallocated by explicit directive, specified by the programmer, which take effect during execution

Question 4

Implicit heap-Dynamic

Answer 4

Allocation and deallocation caused by assignment statements

Question 5

Scope of a variable

Answer 5

Range of statements over which it is visible (can be referenced, used, or accessed)

Question 6

Local Variables

Answer 6

Those that are declared in that unit

Question 7

Nonlocal variables

Answer 7

those that are visible in the unit but not declared there

Question 8

Global Variables

Answer 8

Special category of nonlocal variables

Question 9

Scope rules

Answer 9

Determine how references to names are associated with variables

Question 10

Lifetime of a Variable

Answer 10

The time during which it is bound to a particular memory cell

Question 11

Static Scope

Answer 11

Known at compile time. Based on the physical structure of the program

Question 12

Dynamic Scope

Answer 12

Determined at run time based on the calling sequence

Question 13

Static Scope Search

Answer 13

First Locally, then in increasingly larger enclosing scopes, until one is found for the given name

Question 14

Static Ancestors

Answer 14

Enclosing static scopes to a specific scope

Question 15

Static Parent

Answer 15

Nearest static ancestor

Question 16

Diff between Lifetime and Scope

Answer 16

Lifetime is the entire code, Scope is code that is accessed

Question 17

Ways of Declaration Order

Answer 17

1) All declarations of variables are at the top of the function and all variables must be declared
2) All variables must be declared but the scope begins at the declaration point and goes through to the end of the block
3) Regardless of where a variable is declared, it’s scope is the entire class

Question 18

Languages where variables can be declared in For statements

Answer 18

C++, Java, C#

Question 19

Referencing Environments

Answer 19

The collection of all names that are visible in the statement; in static scope, it is the local variables plus all the visible variables in all of the enclosing scopes

Question 20

A Subprogram

Answer 20

is active if its execution has begun but has not yet been terminated

Question 21

Named Constant

Answer 21

Variable that is bound to a value only when it is bound to storage

Question 22

Type Checking

Answer 22

Activity of ensuring that the operands of an operator are of compatible types

Question 23

Compatible Type

Answer 23

Either legal for the operator, or is allowed under language rules to be implicitly converted, by compiler-generated code, to a legal type