PART 1

Question 1

3 parts of brain

Answer 1

Brainstem
Cerebrum
Cerebellum

Question 2

p5 regions of spinal cord

Answer 2

Cervical
Coccidial
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral

Question 3

Protective covering

Answer 3

Meninges

Question 4

PNS

Answer 4

Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves

Question 5

Neurons fxn

Answer 5

Communication
Signaling
Neurotransmitters

Question 6

Pupillary light reflex

Answer 6

CN3
2 and 3

Question 7

motor or sensory?
Trigeminal nerve -
Facial nerve -
optic
oculomotor

Answer 7

sen
motor
sen
motor

Question 8

Palpebral reflex

Answer 8

CN 5 & 7

Question 9

Recumbent equine patient
grade

Answer 9

5

Question 10

2 questions when performing neurologic exam

Answer 10

Is it lame or neurologic

Problem in hoofs, limbs
Neurologic: congenital, inflammation, toxins, injuries, trauma
Pattern (sex, age, breed specific/predisposition)

Question 11

of cranial nerves to evaluate fxn of the brain

responds to

check for

Answer 11

12

touch and movement

symmetry
Mouth: is it even?
Nose: is it straight?
Nostrils: do they open the same amount, dilation of BOTH nostrils

Question 12

Why check for symmetry?

assymetry causes

Answer 12

Problems in the birth canal causing deformities in the head
May affect what’s inside

nerve damage → denervation atrophy

Question 13

(muscle that dilates nostrils)
Innervated by

checked if able to retract back,can eat and swallow

Answer 13

Dilator naris lateralis

facial nerve

tongue

Question 14

Swallowing reflex: innervated by

Answer 14

Vagus
Glossopharyngeal
Facial
Trigeminal

Question 15

Cranial bone misalignments
causes

Answer 15

birth, trauma, fractures

Question 16

Response to poking

menace exam to check for

Answer 16

Nose
Corners of eyes
Ears

Blink reflex

Question 17

Check muscle at the flank/body of horse aka

what test

Answer 17

Aka: Cutaneous trunci muscle

Panniculus response
Panniculus reflex

Question 18

Take leg and cross it to the side –> Awareness of the animal kung nasan ang kanyang limb → correct limb placement

Answer 18

Proprioception

Question 19

Horses witty neurologic dz is ____ to touch and sounds

Answer 19

hypersensitive

Question 20

Not present in PH and 2 diseases na ito

Answer 20

Equine encephalitis & herpesvirus

Question 21

Ask the horse to turn → check legs → both directions
Cross legs over (normal)
Walk in a straight line
Faster turns → check for neck

abnormal:

Answer 21

steps on themselves

Question 22

Fast enough or correctly
Diagonal limbs
Trot backwards
2 step

Add difficulty by taking the horse in a

Answer 22

backing

terrain

Question 23

Malformation of the vertebrae in the neck
Handler extend neck, allow the animal to walk

Answer 23

Wobbler syndrome

Question 24

in general, 4 nuerologic exams

Answer 24

Cranial nerve exam
Cutaneous trunci reflex
Hindlimbs
Gait
Terrain

Question 25

Before doing physical examination
Check for:

Answer 25

history
Diet,
exposure,
illnesses
PE

Question 26

Respiratory disease with neurologic signs
From horseshow (predisposing factors: attendance in racing, events)

Answer 26

EHe1
Rhinopneumonitis

Question 27

Even in stalls
In pain, inflammation

Answer 27

Head pressing

Question 28

In PE

Answer 28

Observe muna bago palpation
Start with ear
Level of alertness

do they stumble

Question 29

Pinch along the spine → reacts due to pain. normal or abnormal?

pain elicited or excessive reaction (i.e., hypersensitive to stimuli)

Answer 29

normal

abnormal

Question 30

Neck area
No sensitivity
Normal: no soreness?

what test?

abnormal?

Answer 30

Acupuncture meridians

moves away
⅗ on stress points
⅖ on AM

Question 31

Tickling. what test?

Answer 31

Fly twitch reflex

Question 32

Hold tail up → poke anus → twitch tail every poke (Normal)

what test
what muscle
altenative:

Answer 32

Tail tone
Spincter muscle
Place a thermometer