PART 1 Flashcards
Pharmacognosy 2 greek word
Pharmakon (drug)
Gnosis (study)
Pharmacognosy is first coined by
J.A Smith
Analecta Pharmacognostica
C.A Seydler
It covered all information on medicines from natural sources
Pharmacognosy
Pharmacognosy natural sources
Plants
Animals
Microorganism
Inorganic source
Digoxin BN
Lanoxin
Inotropic agent increase force of attraction
Digoxin
Digoxin source
Digitalis lanata
Digitoxin source
Digitalis purpurea
Pancreas of how/pig
Porcine
Pancreas of cow
Bowine
Bowine SN
Bos taurus
Porcine
Sus scrofa
Human insulin “Humulin”
Eli Lily DNA Recombinant Insulin
Insulin source
Animal
Digoxin source
Plant
Penicillin source
Microorganism - Penicillium notatum
Morphine source
Opium poppy - Papaver Somniferum
Sambong source
Plant- Blumea balsamifera
Colchicine source
Plant- Colchicum autumnale
Erythromycin source
Streptomyces erythraeus - Microorganism
Bacitracin source
Bacillus subtilis
- Microorganism
Conj estrogen source
Animal
An applied science that deals with the biologic, biochemical, economic features of natural drugs and their constituents
Pharmacognosy
Clay tablets
Paper rolls
Egyptians
Oleogumresins
Father of Medicine
Hippocrates
Focus on his studies on Animals
Aristotle
Focus on studies on plants
Paracelsus
De materia medica
Pedanios Dioscorides
Lehrbuch de Materia Medica
Analecta Pharmacognostica
India
Vedas
China
Pen tsao
“Antidotaria” and “Receptaria”
Johann Adam Schmidt
Quinine and Caffeine
Joseph Caventou
Codeine
Pierre Robiquet
Morphine
Frederick Serturner
Hyoscamine and Noscapine
Rudolf Brandes
Atropine
Rudolf Brandes + Philip Geiger
Salicin, Nicotine
Johannes Buchner
Cocaine
Carl Koller
Albert Hoofman
LSD
Responsible for therapeutic effect
Active constituents
Lavander oil
Mixture (volatile oil)
Senna
Single - Glycosides
Coconat oil
Mixture - fixed oil
Pysillum
Mixture (gum)
Morphine
Single (Alkaloid)
No definite pharmacologic activity
Inert Constituents
No definite pharmacologic activity
Inert constituents
Constituents that are extracted, crystallize and purified for therapeutic use
Secondary plant substances
Factors that influences secondary plant substances
Heredity
Ontogeny
Environment
Factors that influence secondary plant substances
Hereditary
Ontogeny
Environment
Solvent is called
Menstrum
Undisolved portion of drug that remains after the extraction process
Marc
Plants growing in native countries
Indigenous
Plants grown in a foreign land or in a locality other than their native country
Naturalized
Introduced into US from Europe
Datura stranonium
It is a broad term referring to the study of plants by humans
Ethnobotany
It refers to the use of plants by humans as medicine
Ethnomedicine
It is the sum total of all non-mainstream medical practices, usually excluding so called “western medicine”
Traditional medicine
The book containing directions for the identification of samples and the preparation of compound medicine
Pharmacopeia