PART 1

Question 1

What is ecology?

Answer 1

when wanting to learn of the communities, population, and biotic and abiotic factors that influences each other

Question 2

What is an ecologist?

Answer 2

A scientist that studies the interaction of organisms and their environment

Question 3

What is an ecological niche?

Answer 3

A specific part of a habitat that an organism occupies

Question 4

What happens when a niche overlap with each other?

Answer 4

This leads to competition within the organisms in that habitation (Fight for food, resources)

Question 5

List the levels of Hierarchy (Hi-rr-arky) in order

Answer 5

Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Question 6

The first level of Hierarchy, individual, ecologists often focus on the learning about the abiotic (non-living) environment affects individual..

Answer 6

behaviour and physical features

Question 7

The second level of Hierarchy, population is a..

Answer 7

group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time

Question 8

The third level of Hierarchy, communities are..

Answer 8

different populations interacting with one another (could be the same or different species)

Question 9

The fifth level of Hierarchy, the ecosystem..

Answer 9

surrounds all living and non-living parts of the environment

Question 10

The sixth level of Hierarchy, the biosphere is..

Answer 10

the largest possible ecosystem. A place that allow different organisms to reproduce and survival (there are many on earth)

Question 11

What is a climate?

Answer 11

the average long term weather conditions in a particular region

Question 12

The earth has different temperature of heat in different places due to the earth heating..

Answer 12

unevenly

Land and water heat and cool at different rates (water tends to grasp on its energy leading it to remain at a hot temperature for long periods of time)

Question 13

Due to earth heating unevenly, it affects..

Answer 13

the movement of the ocean and atmospheric currents (when water temperature is high, it tends to expand out more, when water temperature is low, it contracts).

Question 14

What are the 2 factors that have an effect on the distribution (sharing) of living things?

Answer 14

Altitude and Latitude

Question 15

In a terrestrial (on earth) ecosystems, precipitation (rain, snow, hail, etc) and temperature are the..

Answer 15

main predictors of diversity

As a result, diversity is positively correlated and ends near the equator

Question 16

What are the 2 factors that are the main predictors of diversity in.a terrestrial ecosystem?

Answer 16

precipitation and temperature

Question 17

In a aquatic ecosystem, diversity can be predicted by..

Answer 17

vertical stratification (different levels to the earth). 
 - Example : the deeper you go in the ocean, the less diversity you will find (determined mainly by the presence of light (if it is visible))

Question 18

Abiotic and biotic components of an ecosystem can also l..

Answer 18

limit the growth of population

abiotic limiting factors:
Nutrients, sunlight, soil, access to water, temperature, wind, landscape and precipitation

Question 19

What is the 4 biotic (living) limiting factors?

Answer 19

InTRAspecific competition, inTERspecific competition, predation, parasitism

Question 20

One of the biotic limiting factors, inTRAspecific competition is when..

Answer 20

when individuals of the SAME species compete for limited resources (food, water, territory, mates)

Question 21

One of the biotic limiting factors, inTERspecific competition is when..

Answer 21

when individuals of DIFFERENT species compete for limited resources due to overlapping of niche.

Question 22

One of the biotic limiting factors, predation is when..

Answer 22

a predator feeds upon prey ( this is a limiting factor as it reduces population - if a prey disappears, so does predator due to reduced resources)

Question 23

One of the biotic limiting factors, Parasitism is when..

Answer 23

parasites infect and harm host but don’t usually kill them ( they limit the reproductive and survival ability of host )

Question 24

When classifying organisms, Taxonomy is the practice of..

Answer 24

classifying living things.

Ecologists use this method to have a consistent classification

Question 25

When classifying organisms, the old taxonomy method was to..

Answer 25

divide all living things into 5 kingdoms.

Question 26

The old taxonomy method was the divide all living things into 5 kingdoms, list them..

Answer 26

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Question 27

When classifying organisms, the new taxonomy method classify living things into 3..

Answer 27

major domains and subcategorize those into kingdoms

Question 28

There are levels of classification, list the 8 levels from least specific to most..

Answer 28

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species

Question 29

A Binomial Nomenclature is a naming system to..

Answer 29

classify species