Paroxysmal Disorders Flashcards
Briefly define paroxysmal disorders
A sudden outburst, recurrence or intensification of symptoms that may be described as a fit, spasm or seizure
During paroxysmal episode, cardiac arrhythmias are indicative of __
Syncope
Seizures typically are associated with __ dysfunction. what signs would you expect?
Autonomic: SLUDD signs
Focal hallucinogenic seizures
- chasing invisible objects then aggressive afterwards
- multiple episodes
- EEG is indicative of seizures
Example of dog with syncope
A dog with general progressive seizures for the past 9 months that during episodes experiences: urination, myoclonus followed by flacidity, 3rd degree AV block and bradycardia.
Narcolepsy/Cataplexy
Presents with:
- sudden collapse from trigger
- consciously impaired (awake then instantaneously asleep)
- flaccid
- no autonomic dysfunction
Pathophysiology:
- orexin maintains muscle tone while awake -> progressive denervation of orexin = narcolepsy
Transient Vestibular attacks
- staring out into space (dazed)
- ataxia during event
- recovers in <1 hour
- acquired or congenital
- BP and cardiac work up
Paroxysmal Dyskinesis/ hypertonicity in Scottish terriers
- KYPHOTIC posture + stiff
- triggered by stress/excitement
- young <1 yr old dogs
- Tx with SSRI and most dogs outgrow it
K9 Epileptoid Cramping Syndrome of Border Terriers
- triggered by stress/excitement
- <3 yrs old
- hunching over, peg leg walk
- Tx with gluten free diet
Idiopathic Head tremors
- most effected breeds are bulldogs, boxers, labs and Dobermans
- Not a seizure but is triggered by stress
- they can be distracted during it
- typically <4 yrs old
- no tx, most outgrow it
Name the non- epileptogenic neurogenic paroxysmal disorders
- Narcolepsy/cataplexy
- Vestibular events
- Neuromuscular weakness
- Movement disorder
