Parliamentary Law Making

Question 1

What is the difference between devolution and parliamentary sovereignty?

Answer 1

Devolution grants powers to regional governments (e.g., Scottish Parliament), but sovereignty remains with Westminster.

Question 2

What is bicameralism, and how does it affect law-making?

Answer 2

A two-house system (Commons and Lords) ensures laws are scrutinized, though it can delay urgent reforms.

Question 3

What is the significance of the Salisbury Convention?

Answer 3

The House of Lords does not block legislation promised in the government’s election manifesto.

Question 4

What role does judicial review play in the legislative process?

Answer 4

Courts review the legality of actions by public bodies and ensure they comply with statutory and constitutional principles.

Question 5

What is the legislative process in Parliament?

Answer 5

1. First Reading.
2. Second Reading.
3. Committee Stage.
4. Report Stage.
5. Third Reading.
6. House of Lords.
7. Royal Assent.

Question 6

What is the difference between a public bill and a private bill?

Answer 6

• Public bill: Affects the entire population (e.g., Criminal Justice Act 2003).
• Private bill: Affects specific individuals or organizations (e.g., University College London Act 1996).

Question 7

What are hybrid bills?

Answer 7

Hybrid bills contain elements of both public and private bills (e.g., HS2 Act).

Question 8

What are green papers and white papers?

Answer 8

• Green paper: Consultation document seeking views on proposed reforms.
• White paper: Formal proposal outlining detailed policy plans.

Question 9

How does parliamentary sovereignty influence law-making?

Answer 9

Parliament has the supreme legal authority to create or repeal any law.