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Politics Paper 2 > Parliament > Flashcards

Parliament Flashcards

1
Q

How are candidates picked?

A

-Skills
-Loyalty
-Charisma
The more valued will be given safer seats

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2
Q

In what events do elections happen early

A

1) Vote of no confidence
- > James Callaghan 1979
2) Supermajority
- > 2019
3) MP retires or dies
- > Sir Davis Amess, Southend West by-election

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3
Q

What are the categories of Lords

A

Hereditary -> 92
Life -> 659
Lords Spiritual -> 25

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4
Q

When were peers allowed to resign or retire. An example of this?

A

House of Lords Act 2014

-> Lord Archer now has to sit as non-affiliated after perjury

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5
Q

how are appointments vetted (and non affiliated recommended)

A

House of Lords Appointments Commission

  • Recommends non affiliated
  • Vets all nominations
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6
Q

What day do the Commons usually not debate?

A

Saturday, although they do in cases of emergency

2019 -> Brexit Bill vote

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7
Q

How well is the function of debate fulfilled?

A

+laws continually stalled and implemented
-> Hillary Benn: debate on Syria, 2015
+large majorities can be defeats (2005 - Blair)
- MPs tend to toe party line
-> Blair not defeated until 2005
-E petitions have minimal effect
-> Trump meeting the Queen 1.8m signatures, no effect
-Tyranny of the majority

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8
Q

How does the Commons legitimise decisions?

A

Parliament Act 1911 - Parliament has to approve the budget
2003 - Blair makes convention to ask Parliament before War (BUT disobeyed in 2018 airstrikes)
Miller v Secretaty of State for Leaving the European Union 2017 - vote on Brexit

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9
Q

Difference between private member and government bills>

A

In 2016, all 11 bills that received royal assent in the Commons were government bills (none introduced by backbenchers)

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10
Q

What percentage of MPs are women?

A

33%

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11
Q

What percentage of MPs are BAME

A

10% (compared to 15% UK). THIS IS WHERE I MUST REVISIT DELETED NOTES

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12
Q

Why are Lords better at scrutiny?

A 
Not affiliated
Expertise
Unelected
Ignore party whips
No constituency commitments
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13
Q

What is Salisbury Convention?

A

Lords can’t reject a bill in manifesto more than 2-3 times

-> EU withdrawal agreement 2020

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14
Q

When have government ignored Lords?

A

Sexual Offences Act 2000

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15
Q

Where have government taken into account advice of Lords?

A

Counter Terrorism Bill 2008 - 42 day detention

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16
Q

How do Lords Committees work?

A

Their reports are debated in Commons
No majority
Each has a Chair
-> EU Committee - Lord Hay, a hereditary peer

17
Q

What are ad hoc committees?

A

Discuss relevant issues not in permanent committees

-> Rural economy

18
Q

What are short money schemes?

A

Money allocated to:
Parties with 2 seats
Party with 1 seat and 150,000 votes
Provides funding for opposition

19
Q

What are whips

A

Organise party contribution to Parliamentary business
Ensure members vote the way they want
3 line whips threaten removal

20
Q

What is the backbench business committee?

A

Decide Commons agenda 35 days per year

2019 -> Grenfell Tower

21
Q

What is the 1922 Committee?

A

Backbench Conservatives, who sit 1 day a week

-> 2020: protest against lockdown

22
Q

Role of backbencger

A

+select committee
+constituency
+awareness of issues
+Private Member Bills (House of Lords Act 2014)
+Backbench Business Committee
+Vote of no confidence
+legitimize (e.g. 2013 syria)
+not bound by Individual Ministerial Responsibility
+can make government drop legislation (90 day detention)
-ignored sometimes
-3 line whip
-lobby fodder when they aspire to front benches
-Public Bill committees are whipped
-private members bills are short of time
-government dominates the agenda
-secondary legislation limits legislation process (Parliament cannot amend it, like it can with normal legislation)
- PM has royal prerogative
- Government doesn’t have to support a private members bill
- With a large majority, the gov can ignore backbench rebellions

23
Q

What are opposition days?

A

20 days a year

Only ever victorious once: Gurkha citizenship, 2009

24
Q

Diane Abbott and Amber Rudd affair

A

2018: Abbott claimed Home Dept was deporting immigrants in Windrush generation. Amber Rudd resigned.

25
Q

What are the limitations of opposition holding ministers to account?

A

Position will always be refilled by someone else

26
Q

What is the role of the opposition

A
  • ensure government justifies legislation committees
  • form shadow cabinets
  • use PMQs

Politics Paper 2 (6 decks)

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