Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pnt Exam 2 > Parkinsons > Flashcards

Parkinsons Flashcards

0
Q

Parkinson’s disease results from a decrease in what activity

A

Dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Parkinson’s disease results from an increase in what activity

A

Cholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Classic motor symptoms of Parkinson’s

A

Tremor at rest
Rigidity
Akinesia or bradykinesia
Postural instability and gait abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Non motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease

A

Sleep disturbances
Other miscellaneous symptoms constipation
Autonomic symptoms drooling
Psychological symptoms depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Motor complications of Parkinson’s disease progression

A

Motor fluctuations
Akathisia
Dyskinesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What scale is used to diagnose Parkinson’s disease

A

Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Six parts of updrs

A 
Patient history
Physical exam
Cognition
Behavior
Mood
Adl
Motor symptoms 
Complications of therapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Non pharm treatment for Parkinson’s

A

Lifestyle changes
Nutrition
Exercise
Surgery if fail pharm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Two anticholinergic drugs for Parkinson’s

A

Benztropine

Trihexyphenidyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs in Parkinson’s

A 
Blurred vision
Confusion
Constipation 
Dry mouth 
Memory difficulty 
Sedation 
Urinary retention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anticholinergic drugs are effective for what symptoms of Parkinson’s

A

Minimizing resting tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anticholinergic drugs are not effective against which Parkinson’s motor symptoms

A

Rigidity
Akinesia or bradykinesia
Postural instability or gait problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anticholinergic drugs clinical use

A

Mono therapy under 65

Adjunct with Cambodia/levodopa or other meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why avoid anticholinergics in 70+

A

Less tolerant. Often impair cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Amantadine use in Parkinson’s

A

Modest symptomatic relief
Resting tremor in mild
Suppressing levodopa dyskinesias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Amantadine clinical use

A

Monotherapy or adjunct with other meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aes of amantadine

A 
Confusion
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Hallucinations 
Livedo reticularis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mao b inhibitors used in Parkinson’s

A

Selegiline

Rasagiline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Effects of Mao b inhibitors

A

Extended effects of levodopa

May delay motor complications I used early

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Contraindications for Mao b inhibitors

A

Meperidine and other analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

AEs of MAO-B inhibitors

A

insomnia
hallucinations
nausea
hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Clinical use of MAO-B inhibitors

A

Monotherapy in early Parkinson’s disease

adjunct for managing motor fluctuations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

dopamine agonists used in Parkinsons

A

Bromocriptine
Pramipexole
Ropinirole
Apomorphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which dopamine agonists in parkinsons disease are ergot derived

A

bromocriptine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
which dopamine agonists in parkinsons disease are non-ergot derived
pramipexole ropinirole apomorphine
25
Why is bromocriptine no longer used for parkinsons
increased risk of pulmonary fibrosis and reduced efficacy compared to other dopamine agonists
26
AEs of dopamine agonists
``` nausea confusion hallucinations light-headedness lower extremity edema postural hypotension sedation vivid dreaming ```
27
AEs of bromocriptine
``` same as other dopamine agonists + MI seizures stroke valvular heart disease ```
28
clinical use of bromocriptine
adjunct with levodopa
29
clinical use of dopamine agonists
monotherapy in mild-moderate PD | adjunct with levodopa
30
effect of dopamine agonists
monotherapy - reduces risk of developing motor complications | adjunct - reduces frequency of off periods during motor fluctuations
31
which dopamine agonist is available as a subQ injection
apomorphine
32
effect of apomorphine
triggers an on response within 20 minutes. can benefit for up to 100 minutes
33
AEs of apomorphine
``` N/V dizziness hallucinations orthostatic hypotension injection site irritation somnolence syncope ```
34
clinical use of apomorphine
advanced PD pts w/ intermittent off episodes | PRN RESCUE medication
35
contraindications with apomorphine
drugs that block serotonin 5HT3 receptor
36
What needs to be monitored with apomorphine before and after doses
BP
37
How soon after an apomorphine injection can another dose be given
2 hours
38
What other medication needs to be given with apomorphine
antiemetic (trimethobenzamide) 3 days prior and 2 months after apomorphine D/C'ed
39
therapeutic effect of carbidopa/levodopa
most effective agent for symptomatic treatment of PD
40
AEs of carbidopa/levodopa
``` nausea postural hypotension sedation vivid dreaming vomiting ```
41
Contraindications with carbidopa/levodopa
non-selective MAOI within 14 days
42
Levodopa drug-food interaction
high protein diet decreases absorption
43
Motor fluctuations associated with levodopa
optimal peak but early wearing off delayed on or no on response freezing dyskinesias
44
Management of levodopa induced end of dose wearing off
increase frequency of carbidopa/levodopa doses add COMT inhibitor or MAO-B inhibitor or dopamine agonist consider surgery
45
management of levodopa associated delayed on or no on response
``` give carbidopa/levodopa on an empty stomach use carbidopa/levodopa ODT Avoid carbidopa/levodopa CR use apomorphine subQ consider surgery ```
46
management of levodopa associated start hesitation or freezing
increase carbidopa/levodopa dose add a dopamine agonist or MAO-B inhibitor use physoitherapy, walking devices, sensory cues
47
management of levodopa associated dyskinesias
provide smaller doses of carbidopa/levodopa add amantadine consider surgery
48
COMT inhibitors used in Parkinsons
entacapone | tolcapone
49
therapuetic effect of COMT inhibitors
extends effects of levodopa
50
AEs of COMT inhibitors
``` Diarrhea Nausea Headache hypotension insomnia urine discoloration ```
51
Clinical use of COMT inhibitors
combination with levodopa used to manage wearing off
52
Tolcapone black box warning
Fatal hepatotoxicity
53
Advantages of using levodopa
Most effective in treating motor disability and ADL features Inexpensive May be better for older pts
54
Disadvantages of using levodopa
younger patients are more likley to develop motor fluctuations due to long term use
55
Advantages of using dopamine agonists
reduce risk for developing motor complications | May be better option for younger patients
56
Disadvantages of using dopamine agonists
older patients may not tolerate adverse effects (hypotension, hallucinations)
57
All parkinsons patients get what treatment
non pharm and rasagiline (MAO B inhibitor)
58
Add What agent if pt < 65 and need to control tremor
anticholinergic
59
Add what agent if pt > 65 and need to control tremor
Amantadine
60
Add what agent if pt < 65 and need to control bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor
add amantadine dopamine agonist or carbidopa/levodopa
61
add what agent if pt > 65 and need to control bradykinesia, rigidity, and temor
amantadine dopamine agonist or carbidopa/levodopa
62
Benztropine brand name
cogentin
63
trihexyphenidyl brand name
artane
64
Amantadine brand name
Symmetrel
65
Selegiline brand name
Eldepryl
66
Rasagiline brand name
Azilect
67
Bromocriptine brand name
Parlodel
68
Pramipexole brand name
Mirapex
69
ropinirole brand name
Requip
70
Apomorphine brand name
apokyn
71
carbidopa/levodopa brand name
sinemet
72
Entacapone brand name
comtan
73
Tolcapone brand name
Tasmar

Pnt Exam 2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions