Parenting

Question 1

Parenting Styles: Diana Baumrind

Answer 1

• Two aspects of parents’ behavior are critical
• -Responsiveness: extent to which parents meet and respond to children’s needs
• -Demandingness – extent to which parents control children’s behavior

Question 2

Authoritarian

Answer 2

• Adult-centered, autocratic, rigid
• Strict rules and expectations
• Unilateral decision making
• Little warmth or communication
• Expects obedience, distrusting
• Punitive punishment
• Discourages communication

Question 3

Authoritative

Answer 3

-Child-centered, democratic
-Firm behavioral guidelines, but provides choice within limits
-Warm, accepting, involved, trusting, monitoring
-Supports assertiveness, autonomy,
responsiveness, self-regulation

Question 4

Neglectful

Answer 4

• Added by Maccoby & Martin (1983)
• Adult-centered, passive, dismissing
• Pose few demands
• Little/no communication, supervision
• Detached, distant, absent, indifferent

Question 5

Permissive

Answer 5

• Child-centered, appeasing
• Few rules or expectations
• Avoid confrontation & discipline
• Warm, accepting, nurturing
• Overinvolved, blurred roles

Question 6

How are authoritarian and authoritative parents similar and different?

Answer 6

Both are high in demandingness, but authoritarian are low in responsiveness and authoritative is high in responsiveness

Question 7

True or false. Parenting styles can change over time.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Outcomes of Authoritative Parent

Answer 8

• Children securely attached to them
• Children are competent (academically and socially), popular with peers, in control of their own behavior, display little antisocial behavior

Question 9

Outcomes of Authoritarian Parent

Answer 9

• Children insecurely attached to them

- Children are not competent, unhappy, low self-confidence levels, display high levels of antisocial behavior

Question 10

Outcomes of Permissive Parent

Answer 10

• Children insecurely attached to them

- Children are impulsive, lack self-control, perform poor academically and display high rates of antisocial behavior

Question 11

Outcomes of Neglectful Parent

Answer 11

• Children insecurely attached to them
• Children display high rates of antisocial behavior, have poor self-image, internalize problems, and have poor academic and social skills

Question 12

Impact of Marriage & Divorce

Answer 12

• Most children have NO enduring problems, but…
• May show increased depression, lower self-esteem, more delinquency, less socially responsible and competent, drop in academic performance
• Most stress comes from determining custody and adapting
• As adults, children from divorced and remarried families greater risk for divorce, poorer quality relationships

Question 13

Why do some kids of divorce fare better

Answer 13

• Parental Conflict (Conflict prior to, during, after divorce - distressing to child)
• Stress (Newly divorced more irritable, less emotional availability/consistency)
• Age of the Child (Younger  Hard to understand causes/consequences; anxious about abandonment, blame self; adolescents -> less supervision and issues with autonomy)
• Contact with Noncustodial parent (Quality matters most)
• Contribution of Long-Standing Characteristics (issues before divorce)