Parenteral Meds Flashcards
This would help a nurse to identify or it does not hinder in the administration of medication
Check the injection site
It will give the nurse a caution either the drugs could be administered or not
Drug allergies
If this cannot alter on the patient recent condition before administering the medication
Patient condition
Another part of the assessment
Consent form
Parenteral Medications are given through a route other than the alimentary canal; these routes are:
- Intradermal (ID)
- Subcutaneous (SQ)
- Intramuscular (IM)
- Intravenous (IV)
Availableindifferentgauges–the
smaller the number, the larger the gauge (inside diameter)
Needles
long enough to penetrate appropriate layers of tissue
Length
Parts of the Syringe
→ Barrel
→ Plunger
→ Withorwithoutneedle
→ Calibratedinmillilitersorunits
at one end of the needle, the part that attaches to the syringe
Hub
long slender stem of the needle that is beveled at one end
Shaft
Slanted part at the tip of the shaft
Bevel
The hollow part of the needle
shaft
Lumen
The length of a needle is measured in
inches from the juncture of the hub and the shaft to the tip of the point.
Needle lengths range
from 3/8 inch to 3 1/2 inches
The gauge of a needle, used to designate the size of the lumen, ranges from
27 (the finest) to 13 (the largest).
which connects the needle.
Tip
outside part, which contains
measurement calibrations.
Barrel
which fits the inside the barrel
and has a rubber tip
Plunger
Glass or plastic container that is sealed and sterile (open with care)
Ampule
Small bottle with rubber diaphragm that can be punctured by needle
Vial
To ensure sterility, parenteral are prepared used:
→ aseptic techniques
→ special clothing (gowns, masks, hair net, gloves)
→ laminar flow hoods placed in special
rooms
→ Into upper layer of skin
→ Used for skin tests
Intradermal
→ Provides slow, sustained release and longer duration of action
→ Rotate sites
Subcutaneous
→ More rapid absorption
→ Less irritation outside
→ Larger amount of drug
→ Z-track method
INTRAMUSCULAR
Not usually given by medical assistants
Intravenous
Given at a 45-degree angle
Is administered into the fatty layer of skin directly below the dermis and epidermis
administering vaccines such as measles, mumps, rubella, and medications such as insulin, morphine, di-acetyl morphine and Goserelin.
has few blood vessels, the injected drug is diffused very slowly at a sustained rate of absorption
require continuous delivery at the low dose rate
Subcutaneous Injection
What injection is applied to thighs, arms, abdomen, buttocks.
Subcutaneous
About 2 inches away the navel
Abdomen
Administered at the back or side of the upper arm
Arm
In the front of the thigh
Thigh
Imagine the line that runs across the back, chest above the crack between the buttocks
An injection may be given below the waist and above this line
Buttocks
Speed absorption of arm.
Medium to fast
Speed absorption of abdomen
Abdomen
Speed absorption of thigh and buttocks
Slow.
Types of syringes for subcutaneous injection
Insulin and tuberculin
This holds maximum of 1 ml of medicine. The syringe has markings from 10 to 100. The marking at 100 is
the same as 1ml.
Insulin syringe
This syringe holds up to 1ml of medicine. It has a needle that is slightly longer than an insulin syringe. The syringe is marked every 0.1 ml
Tuberculin Syringe
Typical needle is 22- to 25 gauge 1⁄2- to 1-inch needle
administered at a 90-degree angle
volume limited to less than 3mL
Intramuscular
Used to administer
→ Antibiotics
→ Vitamins
→ Iron
→ vaccines
not recommended for patients who are unconscious or in a shock like state
Intramuscular injections
given into upper, outer portion of the gluteus maximum.
→ large muscle on either side of the buttocks.
Intramuscular injections
4 sites of intramuscular injections
Deltoid
Vastus lateralis
Ventro gluteal
Dorso gluteal
Locate the acromion process place a finger on process and measure 3 fingerbreaths down.
Deltoid Site
mostly used for infant. Supine position. Divide the thigh into third. Middle third give the injection.
Vastus Lateralis
place the palm of your hand on greater trochanter the index finger on anterior superior iliac spine and middle finger pointing toward iliac crest
Ventro gluteal
Never used for infants and small children. Because of sciatic nerve. Landmark is posterior superior iliac spine and greater trochanter. Find the centre and give injection
DORSO GLUTEAL
