Parent material types Flashcards
What are the 9 types of parent material?
- Glacial till
- Residuum
- Glacial erratic
- Glacial outwash
- Loess
- Alluvial
- Lacusterine
- Colluvium
- Organic
FITB: Glacial-related parent materials are ___ influenced with no rocks present
Ice
T/F: Glacial till is sorted
False; it is randomly dispersed with low sorting capabilities
FITB: Glacial till dispersion acts like a ________ belt
Conveyor
T/F: Glacial till is carried by ice in no particular organization
True
FITB: The parent material known as Glacial erratic has giant _______ placed in random places
Rocks
FITB: Glacial outwash is transported by ______ that comes from the ______ of a glacier
- Water
- Inside
T/F: Glacial outwash has high velocity (high energy)
True
T/F: Glacial outwash has sorted, tight spaces with different soil particles spread out over a large area
True
Regarding Glacial outwash, how does energy change in comparison to when it is closer to the glacier versus farther away?
The closer it is to the inside of the glacier, the higher the velocity and energy that will be powered. As it gets further away, the energy level lowers due to spreading out.
The parent material called Loess means what?
Wind-blown
FITB: Loess is composed of ___-sized grains
Silt
What is the name of a sand particle that is part of the Loess parent material?
Eolian
T/F: Loess is not found in the midwest
False; it is
What is the name of a desert that has Loess parent material?
Agobi
T/F: Loess helps with the fertility of soils
True
FITB: Plants are composed of ________ parent materials
Organic
FITB: The parent material Alluvial is composed of ________ deposition
River
If you were to describe an Alluvial parent material, how would you describe it and where would you find it?
Having layers of gravel, sands, silts, and clays in a floodplain
Alluvial parent material is an indicator that what kind of event occurred?
Flood event
T/F: Erosion cannot occur with the presence of Alluvial parent material
False
TOT: Does Alluvial or Lacusterine (which both have water-related parent materials) have still-calm waters?
Lacusterine
T/F: Lacusterine is a lake deposited parent material
True
What kind of particle does Lacusterine contain?
Clays
FITB: There is an influx of materials in the _____ and _____ for Lacusterine
- Spring
- Fall
If you were to drain a lake that contained Lacusterine parent material within, what would the soils feel like?
Very platy
What is a well-known place that has Lacusterine parent material within it?
Devil’s lake
FITB: Colluvium is ________ transported
Gravity
What causes Colluvium parent material? (Name two)
- Slope failures
- Avalanches
How is Colluvium formed?
Downhill movement
T/F: There is a lot of abrasion and smoothing of particles with Colluvium
False
T/F: A lot of transportation occurs with Colluvium parent material
False
Are parent materials soil?
No; they are materials from which soils form
T/F: Organic parent material is plant-derived
True
T/F: There is a lot of mineral material found within Organic parent material
False
What is Organic parent material?
Slightly decomposed organic matter
