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Geopolitics > Parcial I > Flashcards

Parcial I Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Global Poverty and Inequality

A

o Affects 80% of countries
 80/20 Rule – 200 países, solo 40 no son afectados
 750 millones sin agua potable
 805 millones sin comida suficiente
 Más de 1.3 billones en extrema pobreza
* Menos de 1.25 US al día
 ¼ de los humanos, 1.6 billones, viven sin electricidad
 Nearly ½ the la población (más de 3 billones) viven de menos de 2.50 USD al día
 Hemisferio sur es pobre y hemisferio norte es rico.

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2
Q

Describe Power of transnational corporations y da ejemplos de algunas

A

o Pocas empresas dominan el mundo
o Google, Apple, Mcdonalds, Amazon, Facebook

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3
Q

Diferencia entre calentamiento global y cambio climático:

A
  • No es lo mismo que el calentamiento global porque este es consecuencia del cambio climático
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4
Q

5 ejemplos de impacto social y económico del cambio climático

A

 The cost of adapting coastal areas to rising sea levels
 Loss of capacity to work due to heat
 More wars to gain access to limited resources
 Fresh water will be in short supply in some areas
 Relocation of whole towns
 Shrinking productivity of harvests
 Prices of basic foodstuffs and consumer goods will rise
 Extreme meteorological phenomena
 Diseases will spread due to higher temperatures

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5
Q

Año de inicio de Arab Spring

A

2010

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6
Q

Tres elementos de World Tension

A

nuclear threats, arms build-up, terrorism

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7
Q

Definición de globalization

A

A worldwide movement toward economic, financial, communications and trade integration.

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8
Q

Las 3 críticas a la globalización

A

 Threats to national sovereignty
 Negative costs of economic growth
 Increasing income inequality

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9
Q

Qué es Offshoring

A

the transferring of production to foreign sites

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10
Q

5 costos del crecimiento

A

 Inflation
 Current account deficit: países han tenido que importar más de lo que exportan
 Pollution
 Congestion
 Disease of affluence
 Inequality
 Use of non-renewable resources

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11
Q

Qué es el proctectionism

A

Any action taken by a country whereby the price of domestic goods become more favourable relative to imported goods. trade barriers to protect domestic producers

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12
Q

Quiénes comprenden al bloque BRICS

A

Brazil, Russia, India, China*, South Africa

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13
Q

Quiénes comprenden MINT

A
  1. Mexico, 2. Indonesia, 4. Nigeria, 3. Turkey
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14
Q

Definición de geopolítica

A

The study of the correlation between the geographic space and the countries politics (Tanguy de Wilde)

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15
Q

Swedish geographer creator of Geopolitics

A

Rudolf Kjellen

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16
Q

In “The State as a Living Organism” (1916) stated Geopolitics is a doctrine of the State considered as a living geographical organism or a spatial phenomenon”

A

Rudolf Kjellen

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17
Q

NATURE OF GEOPOLITICS

A

Belongs to both, political science and political geography, part of them but a more dynamic science

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18
Q

The study of the environments, places and spaces of Earth’s surface and their interactions. It seeks to answer the questions of why things are as they are, and where they are. It is the mother science of Geopolitics.

A

Geography

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19
Q

Social science that analyzes and describes the production, distribution, and consumption of wealth. Natural resources, especially those that most influence the factors of power (oil, gas, gols, water, etc.) are of particular interest and analysis of economics to project economic growth.

A
  • Economics
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20
Q

It studies the rational, abstract, and methodical consideration of reality, or of fundamental dimensions of human existence and experience.

A

Philosophy

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21
Q

Related to geopolitics, since geopolitics studies the geographical factors that influence military strategy

A

Military

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22
Q

The study of the relations of states with each other and with international organizations and certain subnational entities.

A

International relations

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23
Q

Science that studies human societies, their interactions and the processes that preserve and change them by examining the dynamics of constituent parts of societies ( institutions, communities, populations and gender, racial or age groups)

A

Sociology

24
Q

Discipline that studies the chronological record of events (as affecting a nation or people), based on a critical examination of source materials and usually presenting an explanation of their causes

A

History

25
Q

Studies the population dynamics of countries at the national and international levels, as well as all related demographic phenomena, such as fertility, birth rate, urbanization, mobility, migration (immigration and emigration), population density, mortality

A

Demography

26
Q

Studies political events in relation to geographical factors and their impact on states.

A

Political geography

27
Q

Qué figura es la tierra y cuál es su superficie

A

a geoid of 510 million sq km

28
Q

Diámetro de la tierra

A

13,000 km

29
Q

Porcentaje de tierra

A

29%

30
Q

Porcentaje de aguas

A

71%

31
Q

Marine waters

A

(97%)

32
Q

continental waters

A

(3%)

33
Q

Tres tipos de clima

A

o Warm (equatorial, tropical [dry and rainy], and dessert)
o Temperate (mediterranean, subtropical, oceanic, continental)
o Cold (polar and mountainous)

34
Q

Slow growth de población

A

from the origins of man until de 18th century

35
Q

Fast growth de población

A

from the 19th century to the 21st century

36
Q

Número de habitantes en Paleolithic period

A

8 million

37
Q

Número de habitantes en 1st century A.D

A

200 million

38
Q

Habitantes en 10th century / Middle Ages

A

310 million

39
Q

Habitantes 18th century: (1750s):

A

800 million

40
Q

Habitantes en 19th century: (1959s) y por qué

A

Scientific advance, agricultural improvements /// 1,300 million

41
Q

Habitantes 20th century (postwar)

A

Doubled in 40 years: from 3,000 million (1960) to 6,000 million (2000); and 7,000 million in 2011

42
Q

Cuánto porcentaje de la población representen los países más poblados

A

60%

43
Q

países más poblados

A

o 1. China – 1454
o 2. India
o 3. USA
o 4. Indonesia
o 5. Pakistan
o 6. Nigeria
o 7. Brazil
o 8. Bangladesh
o 9. Russia
o 10. Mexico - 132
o 11. Japan
o 12. Ethiopia

44
Q

Porcentaje de población y de bienes y servicios de North – rich

A

North America, western Europe, Japan, Korea (20% of population / 60% goods and services)

45
Q

Porcentaje de población y de bienes y servicios de South – poor

A

Latin America, Africa, Middle East, Asia-Pacific (80% population / 40% goods and services)

46
Q

Excepciones a que los del sur son pobres

A

Australia, N Zealand, Singapure, UAE, North Korea, Guayana Francesa

47
Q

THE 9 regions of the world:

A

o 1. North America (USA y Canada)
o 2. Western Europe (EU)
o 3. Japan and Oceania (Japan, Koreas, Auestralia y New Zealand)
o 4. Russia and Eastern Europe (former soviet bloc)
o 5. China (+Hong Kong y Taiwan)
o 6. Middle East (de north africa a turkey e Iran)
o 7. Latin America (mexico, central america, south america and the caribbean)
o 8. Central and southeast asia (de afghanistan a Indonesia y Filipinas)
o 9. Sub-Saharan Africa (sur de Sahara Desert)

48
Q

Cinco causas de la desigualdad

A

o Natural process of economic imbalance (exports/imports),
o imperialism and colonialism (economic dependence),
o discrimination (race, religion, language, gender, culture, etc),
o corruption and impunity (poor education)
o armed conflicts (wars), terrorism and natural disasters

49
Q

Qué determina la desigualdad

A

o Political Stability: civil conflict major barrier to economic development
o Education and skills: influence the adoption of new technology and manufacturing
o Working culture: does society encourage entrepreneurship and work?
o Geographical location: can economies benefit from growth and trade with near neighbours?
o Natural resources: mineral resources help, no garantizan
o Economic system: free enterprise, welfare state, legal rights for business?
o Savings and investment: funds to investment in public infraestructure

50
Q

Cinco principales religiones

A

Cristianismo, islam, hinduismo, budismo y judaismo

51
Q

Divinidad del hinduismo

A

Shiva

52
Q

Libro sagrado del islam

A

Quran

53
Q

Signo del hinduismo

A

Aum letter

54
Q

Signo del buidaismo

A

Dharma Chakra

55
Q

Signo del taoism

A

yin and yang

56
Q

Cinco principales idiomas

A

Chinese (Mandarin): 1,350 million: China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, etc
English: (+1,200 million: UK, Canda, USA, Australia, India, New Zealand)
Spanish (550: Spain, Latin America, Southern US, Philippines
Hindi: 380: North India
Arabic: 355: North Africa and Middle East

Geopolitics (1 decks)

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