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Chemistry CIDEB > Parcial Exam > Flashcards

Parcial Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is chemistry?

A

The science that study matter and changes it undergoes

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2
Q

What is technology and how is related to chemistry?

A

Technology is the practical use of scientific knowledge that helps us in our daily life, it is related to chemistry because it helps to improve t

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3
Q

What would the world be like with out plastics?

A

No prothesis,plastic bags, plastic bottles

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4
Q

How do you think nanotechnology will change our world?

A

Life will be harder

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5
Q

Disadvantages of plastics

A

Pollution
Non-renewable
Environmental damage

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6
Q

Matter

A

Material that makes up substances and has mass and occupies space

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7
Q

Pure substance

A

A type of matter that has definite composition

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8
Q

Compund

A

Pure substance consisting of two or more elements, with a definite composition that can be broken down into simpler substances pnly by chemical methods.

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9
Q

Element

A

Pure substance that contains only one type of matter, cannot be broken down by chemical methods

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10
Q

Homogeneous mixture

A

Solution, the composition is uniform throughout the sample

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11
Q

Heterogeneous mixture

A

The components don’t have a uniform composition throughout the sample

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12
Q

3 physical methods to separate mixtures

A

Filtration
Decantation
Crystallization

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13
Q

Physical property

A

Properties that CAN be observed or measured without affecting the identity of a substance

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14
Q

Chemical property

A

Properties that indicate the ability of a substance to change into a new substance

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15
Q

Physical change

A

A change in which the physical properties of a substance change but its identity stays the same

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16
Q

Chemical change

A

A change during which the original substance is converted into a new substance that has a different composition and new physical and chemical change

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17
Q

Change of state

A

The transformation at which a solid becomes a liquid

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18
Q

Melting point

A

Temperature at which a solid bevomes a liqu

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19
Q

Freezing point

A

Temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid

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20
Q

Boiling point

A

Temperature at which a liquid changes to gas

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21
Q

Evaporation

A

Formation of a gas by escape of high energy molecules from the surface of a liquid
Liquid➡️Gas

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22
Q

Condensation

A

Gas➡️Liquid

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23
Q

Sublimation

A

Solid➡️Gas

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24
Q

Deposition

A

Gas➡️Solid

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25
Q

Properties of particles SOLID

A

Are arranged in specific way
Vibrate
Has its own shape and volume

26
Q

Macroscopic Properties SOLID

A

Definite shape

27
Q

Properties of particles LIQUID

A

Aren’t arranged
Doesn’t have a definite shape
Specific volume
Particles are in movement

28
Q

Macroscopic properties LIQUID

A

Expand when is heated

29
Q

Properties of particles GAS

A

Doesn’t have special shape nor volume

Particles move apart each other

30
Q

Macroscopic properties GAS

A

Expand to fill the container

31
Q

What is an element?

A

A pure substance made of one type of atom
Carbon-C
Nitrogen-N
Neon-Ne

32
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more elements chemically bonded
H2O
NaCl
KCl

33
Q

Metal physical properties

A 
Shiny✨
Good conductors of heat and electricity 
High melting point
High density
Malleable 
Ductile
Solid at room temperature
34
Q

Metal chemical properties

A

Have 1-3 electrons in the outer shell
Corrode easily
Lose electrons easily
Lower electronegativities

35
Q

Nonmetals physical properties

A 
Not shiny
Poor conductors of heat and electricity 
Non ductile solids
Brittle solids
Solids, liquid ps or gases at room temperature
36
Q

Nonmetals chemical properties

A

Have 4-8 electrons in their outer shell
Gain or share valence electrons
From oxides are acidic
Higher electronegativities

37
Q

Chemical symbol

A

Abbreviation that represents the name of an element

38
Q

Periodic table

A

Arrangement of elements by increasing atomic numbers such that elements having similar chemical behavior are grouped in vertical columns

39
Q

Period

A

Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

40
Q

Group

A

Vertical column of elements in the periodic table

41
Q

Metalloids

A

Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals, located along the heavy zigzag line on the periodic table

42
Q

Malleable

A

Capable of being extended or shaped by hammering or by pressure from rollers

43
Q

Ductile

A

Capable of being hammered out thin; malleable

43
Q

Binary compound

A

Compound made up by two elements

44
Q

Ternary compound

A

Made up by 3 elements

45
Q

Polyatomic compound

A

Made up by 2 or more elements

46
Q

Acids

A

Substance that dissolves in water and produces HYDROGEN IONS (H+)

47
Q

Bases

A

Substance that dissolves in water and produces HYDROXIDE IONS (OH-)

48
Q

Salts

A

An ionic compound that contains a metal ion or NH4+ and a nonmetal or polyatomic ion other than OH-

49
Q

Valance electrons

A

Electrons in the highest energy level of an atom

50
Q

Ionic bond

A

Valance electrons of atoms of a metal are transferred to atoms or nonmetals
Steal

51
Q

Covalent bond

A

A sharing of valence electrons by atoms

52
Q

Oxides

A

Compound in which oxygen is bonded to one or more positive electron atom

53
Q

Cation-?

Anion-?

A

Cation: +
Anion: -

54
Q

Most abundant elements in the human body

A

Carbon

Oxygen

55
Q

Most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust

A

Aluminum

Silicon

56
Q

Most abundant element in the Universe

A

Hydrogen

Helium

57
Q

Carbon in our body

A

Present in biomolecules

58
Q

Hydrogen in our body

A

Component of water and body fluids

59
Q

Calcium in our body

A

Great importance in healthy bones and teeth

60
Q

Chlorine in our body

A

Present in our stomach

Chemistry CIDEB (1 decks)

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