Parcial 1

Question 1

Robot

Answer 1

A goal oriented machine that can sense plan and act

Question 2

General control model of a robot

Answer 2

Sense, think and act

Question 3

What does a robot need for writing

Answer 3

Sense 
Cameras, position sensors, pressure or strength sensor
Act
Motors
Planning 
Microprocessors

Question 4

For flying

Answer 4

Sense
cameras, gps, accelerometers, gyroscopes
Act
Motors

Question 5

Sensor

Answer 5

A device which responds to stimuli or an input quality by generating processable outputs
inputs are generally referred as mesurands

Question 6

Actuator

Answer 6

Device capable of producing physical changes to the environment (part of the robot that produce the movement)

Question 7

Transducer

Answer 7

Device that transform one type of energy to another

Question 8

Range

Answer 8

Distance between the maximum and minimum values that an instrument can measure

Question 9

Span

Answer 9

Distance between the maximum and the minimum value (absolute value) of the scale

Question 10

Resolution

Answer 10

The minimum difference between two upcoming values that the sensor is able to distinguish or an actuator is able to produce

Question 11

Calibration curve or characteristic curve

Answer 11

Curve describing the relationship between the measured variable or input(x) and the output (y)

Question 12

Sensitivity

Answer 12

The slope of the calibration curve

The steeper the slope the better

Question 13

Linearity

Answer 13

Similarity of the characteristic curve to a straight line

Is the equivalent to constant sensitivity

Question 14

Hysteresis

Answer 14

Difference between output values corresponding to the same input, depending on the direction of change of the input variable

Question 15

Accuracy

Answer 15

Refers to the closeness of a measured value to a standard or known value

Question 16

Precision

Answer 16

Refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other

Question 17

Selectivity

Answer 17

Capacity of a sensor to measure a single parameter without being affected by the presence of others

Question 18

Response time

Answer 18

It is the time it take for a transducer to reach a stable output when it is exposed to a given input (also named as Rise time or settling time)

Question 19

Vision sensors

Answer 19

Cameras, laser, ultrasonic, radar, lidars, stereo, kinect

Question 20

Touch and hearing

Answer 20

Micro switches, limit switches, pressure, capacitive

Microphone

Question 21

Kinesthetic and proprioception

Answer 21

Rotation and gps

Question 22

Industrial proximity sensor

Answer 22

Limit switch, ultrasound, Inductive, Capacitive, photoelectric

Question 23

Parts of a sensor

Answer 23

Sensitive element ( part that feels) and transducer (affected by the change of the sensitive element)

Question 24

Passive sensor

Answer 24

The ones that don’t require any external source

Question 25

Active sensors

Answer 25

Use an external power source

Question 26

Analog sensors

Answer 26

They give as output continuous signals

Question 27

Digital sensors

Answer 27

They give as output a discrete signal

Question 28

Proprioceptive

Answer 28

Sense the robots own parts

Question 29

Exteroceptive

Answer 29

Sense the outside world of the robot

Question 30

Inductive sensors

Answer 30

Detect metallic and measurement range is short (mm)

Question 31

Parts of a inductive sensor

Answer 31

Inductor, Oscillator, Trigger, Output Circuit

Question 32

Capacitive Sensors

Answer 32

Detects Metallic, non-metallic, objects of any type the potentiometer alters the range of measurement

Question 33

Parts of capacitive sensor

Answer 33

Capacitor, Oscillator, detector, output

Question 34

Photoelectric Sensor

Answer 34

Beam of light to detect the presence or absence of an object, long distances, and the object doesn't need to be metallic

Question 35

Parts of a photoelectric Sensor

Answer 35

Emitter, Receiver, detector or comparator, output

Question 36

Types of photoelectric sensors

Answer 36

Opposed, retroreflective, diffused

Question 37

Opposed sensing

Answer 37

The emitter and receiver are housed separately and the detect the object que it interrupts the light beam, highest range

Question 38

Retroreflective sensing

Answer 38

The emitter and the receiver are in the same body and it detects the lights using a reflective element

Question 39

Diffused sensing

Answer 39

The emitter and the receiver are in the same body it detects the reflection of the sensed object

Question 40

Magnetic proximity sensors

Answer 40

It works using a magneto-resistive element that changed it resistance when subjected to a magnetic field it only detect magnetic and ferromagnetic objects

Question 41

Ultrasonic Sensors

Answer 41

Transmits and receive through sound waves used in long range applications for detecting films, transparent and liquid objects