Parathyorid - Guerin Flashcards
Familial isolated hypoparathyroidism is associated with what AR mutation?
AR?
PTH gene
Loss-of-fx in GCM2
What cell has acidophilic cytoplasm and is tightly packed with mitochondria?
Oxyphil cell
AD hypoparathyroidism has what mutation?
GOF in CASR
What do the following look like in primary hyperparathyroidism?
Ca
PTH
PO4
High
High
Low
Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism associated with what?
Called what syndrome?
What is the mutation?
Presents in whom?
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and primary AI
APS1
AIRE
Kids
What are the CF of hypocalcemia in the basal ganglia?
Lens?
Heart?
Dental?
Parkinosnian-like movement
Cataract
QT interval prolongation
Abnormalities
Hypercalcemia w/raise PTH due to what?
Hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
What is the most common cause of hypoparathyroidism?
Surgically induced
What is a sestamibi scan?
Radionucleotide scan
Labeled w/technetium-99
What is pseudohypoparathyroidism?
PTH levels?
Presents how?
Can also have what?
End-organ resistance to PTH
Normal or high
Hypocalcemia and hyperPO4
End organ resistance to TSH and FSH/LH
CF of hypocalcemia?
TETANY
Numbness, paresthesia
Laryngospasm, seizures
What makes PTH?
What color cytoplasm?
Chief cells
Light pink or clear from glycogen
What is the main cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?
Secondary?
Tertiary?
Adenoma
Chronic renal failure
After renal transplant
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia inheritance?
Mutation?
AD
Loss-of-fx in CASR
BP sign w/hypocalcemia is called what?
Facial nerve tapping?
Trousseau
Chvostek
What has the morphology of being solitary, hypercellular w/little to no fat, w/few nests of larger oxyphil cells?
Composed of what cells?
Parathyroid adenoma
Uniform chief cells
What are the other pathologies associated with hyperparathyroidism?
Nephrolithiasis
Nephrocalcinosis
What is calciphylaxis?
Occurs in what?
Vascular calcification -> ischemic damage to the skin and other organs
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
What is the major finding in parathyroid hyperplasia?
Occurs when?
All 4 glands involved (although there can be asymmetry)
Sporadically or part of MEN
Hypercalcemia w/Dec PTH is caused by what?
Hypercalcemia of malignancy Vit D toxicity Immobilization Thiazide diuretic Sarcoidosis
What are the major CFs of Hypercalcemia?
Painful bones
Renal stones
Abdominal groans (constipation)
Psychic moans
Other than renal failure what else may cause secondary hyperparathyroidism?
Labs?
Inadequate dietary intake of Ca
Steatorrhea
Vit D deficiency
High PO4, low Ca
Familial parathyroid adenoma due to what mutations?
MEN1
RET
What happens to the parathyroids in tertiary hyperparathyroidism?
Tx?
Become autonomous and excessive
Removal of parathyroids
