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Parasitology > Parasitology Module 1 Flash Card Definitions > Flashcards

Parasitology Module 1 Flash Card Definitions

1
Q

Parasitism

A

Relationship between two species of plants or animals in which one benefits at the expense of the other, sometimes without killing the host organism.

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2
Q

Ectoparasite

A

Parasite living on or in the skin

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3
Q

Endoparasite

A

Parasite of internal organs of host

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4
Q

Obligate Parasite

A

Parasite that depends on the host

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5
Q

Commensalism

A

A guest benefits from the host without harming it

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6
Q

Mutualism

A

Dissimilar organisms live together to their common advantage

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7
Q

Symbiosis

A

relationship between organisms of different species in which both complement
each other physiologically and are interdependent

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8
Q

Pre-Patency

A

describes the period between infection with a parasite and the demonstration of the parasite in the body especially as determined by the recovery of an infective form from the blood or feces.

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9
Q

Patency

A

when direct evidence of the parasite can be detected (in the patient’s blood, feces, or secretions)

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10
Q

Endemic

A

Pathogen or disease is common in a defined, e.g. group of animals (humans) or geographic region

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11
Q

Incidence

A

New infections in a defined time

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12
Q

Prevalence

A

Number of infections in relations to the total population

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13
Q

Morbidity

A

proportion of patients with a particular disease

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14
Q

Mortality

A

Death rate in a population

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15
Q

Ctencephalides felis

A

Cat flea

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16
Q

Facultative parasite

A

Parasite that lives only occasionally on or in the host

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17
Q

Opportunistic parasite

A

Parasite that infects/infests a host under favorable conditions (impaired immune defense)

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18
Q

Definitive host

A

Host in which sexual reproduction occurs

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19
Q

Intermediate host

A

Host in which the parasite passes obligatory through as part of the development

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20
Q

Paratenic host

A

Host harboring larval stages of the parasite (usually Infection stages) which do not develop further or multiply

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21
Q

Main host

A

Host in or on which a parasite species is most frequently found

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22
Q

Infection

A

the invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of the host tissues to the infectious agents and their toxins

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23
Q

Indirect infection

A

Host organism gets infection via water, food or via vector

24
Q

Direct infection

A

Pathogen from animal to animal (human to human) or between human animal (zoonosis)

25
Q

Infestation

A

the presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, typically so as to cause damage or disease.

26
Q

Vector

A

an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another

27
Q

Zoonotic

A

a disease that can be transmitted from animals to people

28
Q

Morphology

A

study of the form and structure of an organism

29
Q

Ctenocephalides felis

A

Cat flea

30
Q

Metamorphosis

A

the process of transformation from an immature form to an adult form in two or more distinct stages.

31
Q

Flea development parasitic stage

A

stages of development of flea that occur on the host

32
Q

Flea development environmental stages

A

stages of development of flea that occur off of the host

33
Q

Bartonella henselae

A

bacteria that is the causative agent of “Cat Scratch Disease”

34
Q

Dipylidium caninum

A

Cucumber tapeworm

35
Q

Yersinia pestis

A

bacteria that is the cause of the plague

36
Q

Flea Allergy Dermatitis

A

an allergic reaction, the body’s immune system overreacts or is hypersensitive to a substance (called an antigen) from flea saliva that is normally harmless

37
Q

Flea morphology

A

reddish brown in color, flattened side to side, 1/12 to 1/6 inch long, 3 pairs of legs, 3 body segments, biting-sucking mouthparts

38
Q

Insect Growth Regulator (IGR)

A

a substance (chemical) that inhibits the life cycle of an insect

39
Q

Flea eggs appear?

A

24-36 hours after first blood meal

40
Q

Larva appear?

A

1-10 days after egg deposit and have a 5-12 day lifespan

41
Q

Geotaxis

A

the motion of a motile organism or cell in response to the force of gravity

42
Q

Phototaxis

A

the bodily movement of a motile organism in response to light, either toward the source of light or away from the source of the light

43
Q

Flea cocoon takes how long to build?

A

5-14 days

44
Q

Survival in cocoon can be how long?

A

12 months

45
Q

Flea “Waiting Stage”

A

Pre-emerged Adult

46
Q

Emergence of pre-emerged adult time?-

A

10 days to 6 months

47
Q

Flea Adult

A

Sexual stage of flea life cycle

48
Q

Flea adult duration on host

A

up to a month

49
Q

Microhabitats of fleas

A

bedding, resting sites, thick carpets, furniture, flower beds, dog houses, rodent dens

50
Q

Factors that cause constant re-infestation of pets:

A
  • Adult flea infestation on domestic and feral cats and dogs
  • Adult flea infestation on urban/suburban small mammals
  • Delayed development (pre-emerged adults) in freeze protected areas around homes and wildlife dens
  • Delated development of pupa and emergence of adults in in-home environments
51
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

are physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a daily cycle. They respond primarily to light and darkness in an organism’s environment.

52
Q

Inter host movements occur why?

A
  • Multi-pet households with close interaction between animals
  • Interaction between treated and untreated animals, esp. in multi-pet households
  • Movement from dead host
  • From prey to carnivore
53
Q

In-apparent carrier

A

Carrier state that exists with no clinical appearance of infection

54
Q

Anemia

A

lack of red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to tissues or organs

55
Q

Pruritus

A

itch

56
Q

Alopecia

A

hair loss

57
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

thickening of the outer layer of the skin

Parasitology (1 decks)

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