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Parasitology > Parasitology final exam > Flashcards

Parasitology final exam Flashcards

1
Q

In the bacterial name Borrelia burgdorferi, what does burgdorferi represent?

A

Species

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2
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is more prevalent in

A

The southeastern US

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3
Q

The etiologic agent of lyme disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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4
Q

What is an important function of bacterial flagella?

A

Locomotion

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5
Q

What parasite has only the cat as its definitive host?

A

Toxoplasma gondii

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6
Q

The most common portal of entry for microorganisms into the body is:

A

Respiratory tract

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7
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are found in what part of the body?

A

Intestines

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8
Q

Kittens are most likely to get roundworms (toxocara) by what route?

A

Transmammary

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9
Q

A route of infection by hookworms that is not shared by roundworms is:

A

Skin penetration

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10
Q

In appearance, hookworm ova resemble

A

Strongyle ova

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11
Q

Finding proglottids around a dog’s anus indicates infection with:

A

Tapeworms

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12
Q

The intermediate host for heartworms is the:

A

Mosquito

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13
Q

Serology tests can detect heartworm in a dog’s blood:

A

Several months after becoming infected

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14
Q

Heartworm treatment begins with killing the:

A

Adult worms

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15
Q

What is not a type of coccidian:

A

Giardia

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16
Q

What are the two diagnostic forms of Giardia?

A

Cysts and trophozoites

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17
Q

Compared to a roundworm ova, coccidian appear:

A

Smaller

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18
Q

The roundworm of horses is:

A

Parascaris spp

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19
Q

The difference in appearance between small and large strongyle ova in horses is:

A

None, they look alike

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20
Q

Ruminant ova such as Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, and Cooperia resemble canine:

A

Hookworms

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21
Q

Which of the following protozoan parasite of cattle causes abortion or fetal resorption:

A

Tritrichomonas

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22
Q

Which intracellular parasite appears fairly large, paired and teardrop shaped when viewed microscopically?

A

Babesia canis

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23
Q

An intracellular parasite, which appears as a structure called morula, found in the cytoplasm of leukocytes, is:

A

Ehrlichia

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24
Q

What ectoparasite is barely visible to the naked eye?

A

Mites

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25
Q

Which of these is a non-burrowing mange mite?

A

Psoroptes cuniculi

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26
Q

What ectoparasite has zoonotic potential?

A

Sarcoptes

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27
Q

Which statement regarding demodex is false?

A

It is highly contagious

True - Not highly contagious, live mites and/or eggs may be found in skin scrapings, it is cigar shaped, resides in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of certain mammals

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28
Q

The genus that is commonly known as the fur mite is:

A

Cheyletiella spp

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29
Q

The sarcoptic mange mite of the guinea pig is:

A

Trixocarus caviae

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30
Q

What tick is a soft tick?

A

Otobius

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31
Q

Which of the following parasite ova is collected using a cellophane tape method?

A

Oxyuris

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32
Q

What tick is the vector for lyme disease?

A

Ixodes scapularis

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33
Q

It is possible to differentiate between suckling lice and chewing lice by which of the following features?

A

Chewing lice have a head that is broader than the thorax, whereas suckling lice have a head that is narrower than the thorax

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34
Q

An ectoparasite known both for its host specificity and site specificity is the:

A

Louse

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35
Q

The parasite that is distinguished by white operculated eggs that are cemented to the hairs of its hosts is the:

A

Louse

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36
Q

A buffy coat examination for microfilaria can be made in conjunction with what other hematologic procedure?

A

Packed cell volume

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37
Q

What can the ELISA heartworm test detect that the Difil cannot?

A

Occult infection

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38
Q

A local airy farmer has just acquired some livestock from Louisiana and is concerned that they may have Fasciola hepatica. What fecal examination method will give you the best chance of finding the eggs of this parasite?

A

Sedimentation

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39
Q

In what host do the sexually mature adult parasites live?

A

Definitive

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40
Q

Unlike a histologic section, a wet mount of parasite eggs is three dimensional, therefore when examining the slide under the microscope you must:

A

Continually adjust the focus to view all objects

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41
Q

What major disadvantage is common to both the direct smear and fecal sedimentation methods of fecal examination?

A

Fecal debris will make microscopic examination difficult

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42
Q

The modified Knott technique for microfilaria has what two additives for ease of heartworm diagnosis?

A

Formalin and new methylene blue stain

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43
Q

Tapeworm infections are most often diagnosed in small animals by which of the following methods?

A

Gross examination

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44
Q

The least sensitive diagnostic test for finding microfilariae is:

A

Direct examination of blood

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45
Q

What pair of parasites differs in morphology and size?

A

Ancylostoma vs Toxascaris

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46
Q

What is not a concentration method for parasite ova detection?

A

Fecal flotation

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47
Q

Fecal specimens should be examined routinely with what objective?

A

10x

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48
Q

What is the minimum number of minutes a fecal flotation should stand before examination?

A

10 minutes

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49
Q

The instrument specifically designed to collect a fecal sample directly from the animal’s rectum is a:

A

Fecal loop

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50
Q

In what analysis could heartworm microfilariae appear as an incidental finding?

A

Differential

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51
Q

The fecal solution most likely to be successful in detecting Giardia cysts is:

A

Zinc sulfate

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52
Q

What is the main reason that flotation solutions with specific gravities over 1.300 are not commonly used?

A

They tend to distort ova

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53
Q

A 4 year old dog has a chronic cough and the veterinarian has included Filaroides on his list of possible diagnoses. What is the common name of this parasite?

A

Lungworm

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54
Q

Which of the following nematodes are characterized by an ovoid egg with a thin shell and a morulated embryo?

A

Ancylostoma caninum

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55
Q

A method for diagnosing Cheyletiella is:

A

Cellophane tape method

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56
Q

A wood’s lamp is used to examine an animal for the presence of:

A

Ringworm

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57
Q

Transmission of coccidia occurs by:

A

Ingesting oocysts

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58
Q

The causative agent of Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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59
Q

Which of these ectoparasites is zoonotic?

A

Sarcoptes

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60
Q

Which of the following mites is commonly found in rabbits and large animals?

A

Psoroptes

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61
Q

What endoparasite larva causes creeping eruptions in humans?

A

Hookworm

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62
Q

What parasite can cause blockage of the cranial mesenteric artery in horses?

A

Strongylus vulgaris

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63
Q

Lyme disease is transmitted via?

A

Deer tick

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64
Q

What is a tick-borne organism found in dogs?

A

Ehrlichia

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65
Q

Which of the following terms refers to an infestation with lice?

A

Pediculosis

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66
Q

What does the occult heartworm test actually detect?

A

Immature female heartworms

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67
Q

What mite is most damaging to cattle?

A

Psoroptes

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68
Q

Which of the following is a tapeworm seen in horses?

A

Anoplocephala

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69
Q

A skin scraping is used to diagnose what parasite?

A

Notoedres

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70
Q

Which of the following is the largest intermediate form of a tapeworm?

A

Hydatid cyst

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71
Q

What protozoan parasite causes venereal disease in cattle?

A

Tritrichomonas

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72
Q

What parasite uses snails as intermediate hosts?

A

Paragonimus

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73
Q

What equine parasite produces microfilariase, which causes patchy alopecia and depigmentation?

A

Onchocerca

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74
Q

What heartworm diagnostic test uses a concentration technique that increases the chance of microfilariae?

A

Filtration test (Difil)

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75
Q

What canine parasite causes nodules in the esophagus, which may then become neoplastic?

A

Spirocirca

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76
Q

Which of the following parasites is not zoonotic?

A

Dipylidium

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77
Q

Observing a “zippy” motility in fresh feces is used to help diagnose the presence of what parasite?

A

Tritrichomonas

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78
Q

What fly is responsible for the greatest economic losses in US cattle?

A

Horn Fly

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79
Q

What parasite causes malaria?

A

Plasmodium

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80
Q

What fecal flotation solution is recommended when looking for Giardia cysts?

A

Zinc sulfate

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81
Q

Visceral larval migrans is caused by the larvae of:

A

Toxocara canis

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82
Q

Proglottids are produced by what parasite?

A

Tapeworm

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83
Q

What lungworm is found in cats?

A

Capillaria aerophila

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84
Q

What is the least likely way of transmitting Toxoplasma to a human?

A

Skin penetration

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85
Q

The fecal sedimentation technique is often needed to diagnose the presence of what bovine parasite?

A

Fasciola hepatica

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86
Q

What small animal parasite ova resemble strongyle ova in horses?

A

Hookworm

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87
Q

Stomach bots are common is horses, but where are bots found in sheep?

A

Nasal passages

88
Q

Occult heartworm infections are those in which:

A

Microfilariae are absent

89
Q

What parasite causes blood loss, especially in young animals?

A

Hookworm

90
Q

What parasite causes a very pruritic disease in dogs?

A

Sarcoptes

91
Q

Myiasis is an infestation of:

A

Flies

92
Q

What causes the sensitivity of the occult heartworm test to decrease?

A

Male worms only

93
Q

Which statement is true about Dirofilaria infection in the cat?

A

The lifespan of the heartworms in cats is shorter than in dogs

94
Q

What adult parasite would be described as having a slender anterior end with its mouth at the tip and a thickened posterior extremity?

A

Whipworm

95
Q

Trematodes are

A

Flukes

96
Q

A gravid proglottid is:

A

A tapeworm segment filled with eggs

97
Q

When an isospora oocyst is infective, how many sporozoites does is contain?

A

8

98
Q

Which of these is a coccidian organism?

A

Cryptosporidium

99
Q

A quick check for Dirofilaria immitis using a spun hematocrit tube involves microscopically viewing the border between the:

A

Plasma and buffy coat

100
Q

Dirofilaria immitis adults have not been found in the:

A

Subcutaneous tissues

101
Q

Which of these is not characteristic of Dirofilaria immitis:

A

curved tail

IS characteristic: 310 u long, straight tail, tapered head

102
Q

Cheyletiella spp are:

A

Mites

103
Q

Which of the following is not a fecal flotation medium:

A

Potassium hydroxide

Zinc sulfate, sodium nitrate, and sugar solution ARE fecal flotation mediums

104
Q

Which of these is not a stage of a protozoan life cycle?

A

Trophite

Rophozoite, Cyst, and Oocysts ARE stages

105
Q

What are the tips of Trichuris vulpis ova called?

A

Opercula

106
Q

Paragonimus kellicotti is a:

A

Fluke

107
Q

Which is not detected using ELISA technology:

A

Fibrinogen

108
Q

Dioctophyma renale is often found in the ____ of dogs.

A

Right kidney

109
Q

The adult form of the parasite _______ is a fly, and the larval stage is an endoparasite.

A

Gasterophilus

110
Q

Bots are:

A

Fly larvae

111
Q

Nits are:

A

Lice eggs

112
Q

What parasite could cause anemia in horses through blood sucking?

A

Strongylus vulgaris

113
Q

Mrs. T brings her dog to your clinic for routine vaccinations and tells you she thinks her dog has ear problems. A smear from the ear reveals yeast. What is the genus of the most common cause of mycotic (fungal) otitis externa?

A

Malassezia

114
Q

What equine parasite produces microfilaria?

A

Setaria equine

115
Q

What parasite is the equine pinworm?

A

Oxyuris equi

116
Q

Where in an adult cow would you expect to find adult Haemonchus spp parasites?

A

Abomasum

117
Q

What is an intracellular parasite of erythrocytes?

A

Babesia

118
Q

What bovine erythrocyte parasite resembles Haemobartonella felis in cats?

A

Anaplasma

119
Q

Haemobartonella felis is seen most commonly in the erythrocytes of:

A

Cats

120
Q

Which of the following parasites is a tapeworm:

A

Paranoplocephala mamillana

121
Q

Which of these parasites is classified as coccidian?

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

122
Q

The definitive host for Baylisascaris procyonis is:

A

Raccoons

123
Q

What resistant stage of a protozoan is usually passed in feces?

A

Cyst

124
Q

Trophozoites and cyst forms are associated with:

A

Protozoans

125
Q

Dipylidium caninum is a:

A

Cestode

126
Q

Fasciola hepatica is a:

A

Trematode

127
Q

All of the following are blood-born parasites, but which one does not belong in the same classification group as the other 3?

A

Dirofilaria spp

Haemobartonella, Toxoplasma, and Anaplasma are all single celled

128
Q

Flotation solutions usually have a specific gravity between:

A

1.200 and 1.250

129
Q

What method does not concentrate the ova?

A

Direct smear

Centrifugal flotation, simple flotation, and sedimentation all concentrate the ova

130
Q

What method favors detection of fluke ova?

A

Sedimentation

131
Q

What is unique about fluke ova that require a special detection procedure?

A

They have a higher specific gravity than most other ova

132
Q

Cellophane tape is traditionally used to detect the ova of _______ in horses.

A

Pinworms

133
Q

Which of the following is not a fecal flotation solution:

A

sodium sulfate

Sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, and sugar ARE used as fecal flotation solutions

134
Q

To examine for trophozoites, it is best to use a mixture of fresh feces and:

A

Zinc sulfate

135
Q

A puppy infected with Dirofilaria immitis the day it is born will not test positive for heartworm microfilariae until it is _____ months old.

A

6-7 months old

136
Q

The ELISA heartworm test kit detects the antigens of:

A

Female adult heartworms

137
Q

Dirofilaria immitis is a:

A

Nematode

138
Q

Otodectes cynotis is a:

A

Arthropod (ear mite)

139
Q

Transmission of lice is mostly via:

A

Direct contact

140
Q

A dog becomes infected with Dipylidium caninum by ingestion of:

A

Infected fleas

141
Q

A spurious parasite infection would occur if:

A

Moniezia expansa ova were seen in canine feces.

142
Q

In puppies, transplacental transmission is the primary route of infection for:

A

Toxocara

143
Q

The most common intermediate host of Taenia pisiformis is a:

A

Rabbit

144
Q

The parasite whose adults resemble a whip and whose eggs have bipolar plugs is:

A

Trichuris vulpis

145
Q

Taenia eggs closely resemble the eggs of:

A

Echinococcus

146
Q

The genus of the tapeworm that releases its eggs in packets is:

A

Dipylidium

147
Q

Trichophyon metagrophytes causes _____ in cats.

A

Ringworm

148
Q

Pediculosis is an infestation of:

A

Lice

149
Q

In people, Toxocara canis is the causative agent of:

A

Visceral larval migrans

150
Q

A large ciliate protozoa that may be found in swine feces is:

A

Balantidium spp

151
Q

The parasite also known as the brown dog tick is:

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

152
Q

The parasite also known as a winter tick:

A

Dermacentor albipictus

153
Q

The parasite known as the American dog tick is:

A

Dermacentor variabilis

154
Q

The parasite also known as the deer tick:

A

Ixodes dammini

155
Q

The parasite that lives in ears is:

A

Otodectes spp

156
Q

The parasite that lives on the skin’s surface is:

A

Chorioptes spp

157
Q

The parasite that burrows into the skin is:

A

Sarcoptes spp

158
Q

The parasite that lives in hair follicles is:

A

Demodex spp

159
Q

Which stage of the tick life cycle has 6 legs?

A

larval

160
Q

A flea is the intermediate host for:

A

Dipylidium caninum

161
Q

A rabbit is the intermediate host for:

A

Taenia pisiformis

162
Q

Cheyletiella mites use ______ as their hosts.

A

Dogs, cats, and rabbits

163
Q

Infection of this parasite is via skin penetration.

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

164
Q

People may serve as the intermediate host of:

A

Echinococcus granulosus

165
Q

What parasite ova have a single operculum?

A

Alaria spp

166
Q

What parasite ova have a single operculum?

A

Alaria spp

167
Q

What parasite ova have 3 pairs of hooklets?

A

Moniezia spp

168
Q

What parasite ova have bipolar plugs?

A

Trichuris spp

169
Q

What parasite ova have radial striations?

A

Taenia spp

170
Q

Fish are intermediate hosts of what parasite?

A

Diphyllobothrium spp

171
Q

What parasite has ova found in sputum?

A

Paragonimus spp

172
Q

The double pore tapeworm is:

A

Dipylidium caninum

173
Q

The parasite that infects the liver of its host is:

A

Fasciola spp

174
Q

The parasite whose larvae encyst in the subcutaneous tissue of rabbits is:

A

Cuterebra spp

175
Q

The parasite whose eggs are cemented to the hair of horses is:

A

Gasterophilus spp

176
Q

The parasite whose larvae form warbles in subcutaneous tissue along the back of cattle is:

A

Hypoderma spp

177
Q

The parasite whose larvae enter the nasal cavity of sheep is:

A

Oestrus spp

178
Q

What parasite completes its life cycle on or in its host:

A

Otodectes spp

179
Q

What species causes a disease known as walking dandruff:

A

Cheyletiella spp

180
Q

Scabies is caused by:

A

Sarcoptes spp

181
Q

The parasite also known as the hookworm is:

A

Bunostomum spp

182
Q

The parasite also known as the stomach hair worm is:

A

Trichostrongylus spp

183
Q

The parasite also known as the brown stomach worm is:

A

Ostertagia spp

184
Q

The parasite also known as the barber’s worm is:

A

Haemonchus spp

185
Q

Choose the correct size sequence, from largest ova to smallest ova:

A

Nematodirus, Trichostrongylus, Strongyloides, Eimeria

186
Q

The parasite found in the abomasal gastric glands of ruminants is:

A

Ostertagia spp

187
Q

The parasite that sucks blood in the abomasum of ruminants is:

A

Haemonchus spp

188
Q

The parasite that matures in the lungs is:

A

Dictyocaulus spp

189
Q

The parasite that forms nodules in the intestinal mucosa is:

A

Oesophagostomum spp

190
Q

The most common parasite found in pigs is:

A

Ascaris spp

191
Q

A client has found a large number of roundworms in her puppy’s feces at home. A logical explanation might be:

A

The dog has been treated recently for roundworms

192
Q

Choose the correct size sequence, from smallest to largest ova:

A

Isospora, Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Toxocara

193
Q

Anemia in puppies is most likely associated with infection with:

A

Ancylostoma spp

194
Q

A common sign of giardiasis is

A

Chronic diarrhea

195
Q

The parasite also known as a liver fluke is:

A

Fasciola spp

196
Q

The parasite also known as a lung fluke is:

A

Paragonimus spp

197
Q

The parasite also known as the lung worm is:

A

Capillaria spp

198
Q

Trichuris ova most resemble the ova of

A

Capillaria spp

199
Q

Skin penetration is a means of entry into a host by:

A

Ancylostoma spp

200
Q

A chewing louse of dogs is:

A

Trichodectes spp

201
Q

A chewing louse of cats is:

A

Felicola spp

202
Q

A sucking louse of cattle is:

A

Haematopinus spp

203
Q

A chewing louse of cattle is:

A

Damalinia spp

204
Q

The genus name for the spinose ear tick is:

A

Otobius

205
Q

What species is not parasitized by pinworms?

A

Dogs

206
Q

An intestinal fluke is:

A

Alaria spp

207
Q

The parasite also known as lungworm is:

A

Metastrongylus spp

208
Q

The parasite known as a kidney worm is:

A

Stephanurus spp

209
Q

Which statement concerning fleas is true?

A

Flea dirt is flea feces

210
Q

The parasite that causes generalized pruritis is:

A

Melophagus spp

211
Q

The parasite that causes creeping eruption in people is:

A

Ancylostoma spp

212
Q

A gravid proglottid would be found in a:

A

tapeworm

213
Q

The parasite that causes feline scabies is:

A

Notoedres spp

214
Q

The parasite that is a protozoan is:

A

Cryptosporidium spp

215
Q

A sucking louse is a/an:

A

Arthropod

216
Q

Which of these parasites is a mite?

A

Psoroptes spp

Parasitology (1 decks)

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