Parasitology Flashcards
In what ways do protozoan parasite groups differ?
- Locomotion
- Reproduction
- Location in host
- Life cycles
T/F Protozoa are single celled, host specific organisms that can transform stages in final host
True
What two groups can Phylum Apicomplexa be divided in to
Coccidia type (GI Tract)
Hemosporozoa (hemoparasites)
What are important features of coccidian parasites?
-Undergo sexual and asexual repro and are mostly GI parasites
-Direct and indirect lifecycles
-Host specific
-Diarrhea is the most common sign of clinical disease
-Diagnoses most commonly by identification of oocyst in feces
What environmental features contribute to coccidiosis in animals?
-heavy exposure
-diet changes
-stress
-weaning
Immunity can help prevent
T/F Coccidia oocysts undergo sporogony in the host and become a sporulated oocyst
False, sporogony occurs in the environment and forms a sporocyst that contains sporocysts
T/F the infective stage of coccidian parasites is the sporulated oocyst
True
What species do Eimeria spp commonly infect
-Ruminants
-Pigs
-Birds
-Rodents
What are the three stages of the Eimeria spp life cycle?
- Environmental (sporogony)
- Asexual replication (schizogony)
- Sexual replication (gametogony)
What two things affect the pathogenicity of coccida species?
- The cell type infected (infection at tip of villi causes less damage than infection at base)
- The number of generations of multiplication
What two species of cattle eimeria are the most pathogenic?
Eimeria bovis and E. zuernii
What are signs of clinical disease in ruminant coccidiosis?
-Diarrhea +/- blood
-Fecal stained perianal area
-Straining to defecate +/- rectal prolapse
-Weight loss and/or stunting
-Death
T/F Coccidiosis can be diagnosed by the presence of oocysts in feces
False, essentially all young animals will have oocysts in manure, use clinical judgement and look for other signs diarrhea
T/F poultry coccidiosis is one of the most important production diseases of poultry, with most birds being infected with multiple species with different infection sites and signs
True
What is the genus that causes enteric coccidiosis in dogs and cats
Cystoisospora
What is the prepatent period of canine and feline coccidiosis?
10-14 days
What is a spurious parasite?
A parasite of another animal species that passes through the gut and is on a fecal sample, but no infection occurs, coprophagia in dogs can lead to this
What can result from cystoisospora suis?
Neonatal diarrhea, stunting, and potentially death in pigs
What species causes hepatic coccidiosis of rabbits and what happens as a result?
Eimeria stiedae -> parasites are found in the bile duct and can cause severe damage
Define a trophozoite
Active feeding stage of protozoa