Parasitology

Question 1

What is parasite?

Answer 1

Any organism that depends on another organism for shelter and nourishment

Question 2

What are the types of host?

Answer 2

Definitive host
Intermediate host

Question 3

Organism that supports the parasite

Answer 3

Host

Question 4

Definitive host or Intermediate host?

Host that undergoes sexual reproduction.

Answer 4

Definitive Host

Question 5

True or False

Intermediate Host harbors the larval form or sexually

Answer 5

False

Intermediate Host harbors the larval form or ASEXUALLY

Question 6

A type of Host that harbors the adult stage of the parasite.

Answer 6

Definitive host

Question 7

A type of host that harbors the larval form

Answer 7

Intermediate host

Question 8

It is how a parasite successfully enters a susceptible host.

Answer 8

MODE OF TRANSMISSION

Question 9

Difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic parasite?

Answer 9

PATHOGENIC PARASITES
- Disease-causing

NON PATHOGENIC PARASITES
- Do not harm the host

Question 10

Any parasite that causes disease is referred as?

Answer 10

A Pathogenic Parasite

Question 11

Any parasite that do not harm the host is referred as?

Answer 11

A non-pathogenic parasite

Question 12

Difference between Endoparasite and Ectoparasite?

Answer 12

ENDOPARASITE
- Found inside the body of a host
- Infection
- More problematic and require special specimen prep
Ex: (Tapeworms)

ECTOPARASITE
- Thrive externally on a host
- Infestation
- Grossly macroscopic

Ex:(Lice and fleas)

Question 13

Endoparasite vs Ectoparasite

Grossly macroscopic?

Answer 13

Ectoparasite

Question 14

Endoparasite vs Ectoparasite

Requires special specimen and is more problematic

Answer 14

Endoparasite

Question 15

Endoparasite vs Ectoparasite

It thrives externally on the host

Answer 15

Ectoparasite

Question 16

Endoparasite vs Ectoparasite

It thrives internally in the host

Answer 16

Endoparasite

Question 17

Endoparasite vs Ectoparasite

It causes Infection

Answer 17

Endoparasite

Question 18

Endoparasite vs Ectoparasite

Infestation

Answer 18

Ectoparasite

Question 19

Increase in eosinophil count

Answer 19

EOSINOPHILIA

Question 19

Increase in eosinophil count

Answer 19

EOSINOPHILIA

Question 20

The Charcot-Leyden crystals is?

Answer 20

It is a degraded eosinophils

Question 21

Entamoeba histolytica is the only pathogenic amoeba In the GIT and may invade other vital organs.

True or False

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

It has has pseudopods ectoplasmic extension that move during trophozoite stage

Answer 22

Amoeba

Question 23

What species of Amoeba that is the only pathogenic In the GIT and may invade other vital organs.

Answer 23

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 24

What are the DISEASES (2) acquired in Amoebiasis?

Answer 24

amoebic colitis intestinal amoebiasis

Question 25

What are the symptoms of amoebic colitis? (4)

Answer 25

abdominal cramping anorexia, fatigue and diarrhea

Question 26

What is the symptom of intestinal amoebiasis?

Answer 26

manifests as dysentery

Question 27

It is referred as _______ if the stool is bloody and mucoid

Answer 27

Dysentry

Question 28

MODE OF TRANSMISSION of Amoeba

Answer 28

Ingestion of contaminated food or water

Question 29

What is used in diagnosis for amoeba?

Answer 29

stool exam

Question 30

In the stool examination for amoeba, what is found in the stool?

Answer 30

Infective cysts

Question 31

What is the main characteristics of Flagellates?

Answer 31

Having whip-like structure

Question 32

True or False Flagellate - Not all are capable of encystation

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Species of Flagellates (4)

Answer 33

Trichomonas vaginalis T. hominis T. tenax D. fragilis

Question 33

Species of Flagellates (4)

Answer 33

Trichomonas vaginalis T. hominis T. tenax D. fragilis

Question 33

Species of Flagellates (4)

Answer 33

Trichomonas vaginalis T. hominis T. tenax D. fragilis

Question 34

Flagellates that thrive in the small intestine

Answer 34

hemoflagellates

Question 35

Species of hemoflagellates (2)

Answer 35

- Trypanosoma spp. - Leishmania spp.

Question 36

Species of flagellates that causes giardiasis.

Answer 36

Giardia lamblia

Question 37

Giardia Lamblia causes what disease?

Answer 37

Giardiasis

Question 38

What is the symptoms of Giardiasis? (3)

Answer 38

acute diarrhea abdominal pain and weight loss

Question 39

MODE OF TRANSMISSION for Guardia Lamblia

Answer 39

ingestion of contaminated food and water

Question 40

What is used in diagnosis for amoeba?

Answer 40

Stool exam

Question 41

In the stool examination for amoeba, what is found in the stool?

Answer 41

Steatorrhea

Question 42

Excess fat in the stool falling leaf motility.

Answer 42

Steatorrhea

Question 43

It is symmetrical, "old man's face with glasses"

Answer 43

Trophozoite

Question 44

Ovoidal and quadrinucleate

Answer 44

Infective cyst

Question 45

Parasite that have cilia

Answer 45

Ciliates

Question 46

A parasite having trophozoites and cysts as part of its life cycle

Answer 46

Ciliates

Question 47

A species of ciliates that causes balantidiasis

Answer 47

Balantidium coli

Question 48

True or False Balantidium coli is only spp pathogenic to humans.

Answer 48

FALSE Balantidium coli is only spp pathogenic to HUMANS and PIG.

Question 49

Balantidium coli is only spp pathogenic to _____ and ____.

Answer 49

Humans and Pig

Question 50

True or False Balantidium coli invades tissue

Answer 50

True

Question 50

True or False Balantidium coli invades tissue

Answer 50

True

Question 51

What is the symptoms of Balantidiasis? (3)

Answer 51

bloody, mucoid, diarrheic stool samples

Question 52

MODE OF TRANSMISSION for Balantidium Coli

Answer 52

Ingestion of contaminated food and water

Question 53

What is used in diagnosis for ciliated parasite?

Answer 53

Stool

Question 54

Species of Malaria (5)

Answer 54

Plasmodium falciparum, P Mosquito vector vivax, P. ovale, P knowlesi, P sporozoites malariae

Question 55

DEFINITIVE HOST for Malaria : Mosquito species

Answer 55

Anopheles spp.

Question 56

INTERMEDIATE HOST of Malaria

Answer 56

Humans

Question 57

What organ pre-erythrocytic or exoerythrocytic phase happens?

Answer 57

LIVER

Question 58

The actual erythrocytic phase

Answer 58

RBC

Question 59

Symptoms of malaria (6)

Answer 59

High fever, anemia, jaundice, shaking, chills and flu-like illness

Question 60

Typical manifestation of the disease, coincides with the bursting of rbcs

Answer 60

Paroxysm

Question 61

tertian malaria = _ hrs subtertian malaria= _ hrs quartan malaria= _ hrs

Answer 61

48= tertian malaria 36-48 hrs= subtertian malaria 72 hrs= quartan malaria

Question 62

What happens if there is anemia?

Answer 62

red cell destruction

Question 63

What happens if there is high fever?

Answer 63

pyrogenic metabolites

Question 64

What happens if there is jaundice?

Answer 64

break down of hemoglobin

Question 65

What type of malaria is P. Malariae?

Answer 65

Quartan Malaria

Question 66

MODE OF TRANSMISSION for Malaria

Answer 66

bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito

Question 67

What is the infective stage of malaria?

Answer 67

Sporozoite

Question 68

What are used to diagnose malaria?

Answer 68

- Giemsa stained thick and thin smear - Rapid diagnostic test and molecular approach

Question 69

What is found in the sample (blood of patient) of malaria?

Answer 69

-Sporozoite -Morphological description and size of the infected RBC - Platelets (low number)

Question 70

Spp of Nematodes (1)

Answer 70

Phylum Nemathelminthes

Question 71

Phylum Nemathelminthes are

Answer 71

Roundworms

Question 72

Describe the Adult stage of Phylum Nemathelminthes (Roundworms)

Answer 72

tapered, cylindrical bodies with an esophagus and longitudinal muscles and dioecious

Question 73

Refers to the characteristics of Phylum Nemathelminthes that separate male and female sexes

Answer 73

Dioecious

Question 74

True or False Female roundworms are smaller with anterior curve and may be provided with copulatory spicules and bursa

Answer 74

FALSE MALE ROUNDWORM smaller with POSTERIOR curve and may be provided with copulatory spicules and bursa

Question 75

What is used in DIAGNOSIS for Phylum Nemathelminthes

Answer 75

Stool exam

Question 76

What is seen during the stool examination?

Answer 76

adult roundworm, larvae or egg morphology

Question 77

MODE OF TRANSMISSION for Phylum Nemathelminthes

Answer 77

- ingestion of infective embryonated egg, - inhalation, - larval skin penetration, - ingestion of intermediate hosts like snail or fish

Question 78

Largest nematode in human intestinal tract

Answer 78

Ascaris lumbricoides

Question 79

What disease does Ascaris lumbricoides cause?

Answer 79

Ascariasis

Question 80

What is the symptoms of Ascariasis

Answer 80

bowel obstruction and pancreatitis

Question 81

Mode of transmission for ascariasis

Answer 81

eggs are swallowed from soil contaminated with human feces or consumed with produce contaminated with soil containing infective eggs.

Question 82

Flukes or flukeworm are

Answer 82

Trematodes

Question 83

Trematodes are

Answer 83

Flukes or flukeworm

Question 84

Two orders of Trematodes

Answer 84

monogenea and digene

Question 85

Trematodes

Answer 85

Flat, leaf-like and hermaphroditic (except Schistosma spp.)