Parasitology Flashcards
What are the different symbiosis?
Phoresis
Mutualism
Commensalism
parasitism
A symbiote is an organism that live far from each other. True or false?
False, they live in close association with each other.
Define symbiosis.
association of two organisms which can not exist independently, “living together”.
Is a giardia lamblia a parasite or commensulate?
Both
What are the different types of hosts?
Definitive - harbors adult (sexual) stage of a parasite.
Intermediate - tabors larval (asexual) stage of a parasite.
Paratenic - habor a parasite that does not undergo required development; a transfer host
reservoir - an animal (definitive) host that serves to maintain the parasite’s life cycle in nature
incidental - an unusual host, unnecessary for the maintenance of the parasite in nature.
What is a vector?
an object or an organism responsible for transmitting a parasite from one host to another.
What are the different types of vectors?
Biologic - a vector in which the parasite multiples or develops.
Mechanical - a vector that transmits the parasite unchanged from host to host.
True or false, a female anopheles mosquito is a mechanical vector of malaria?
False, it is a biological vector.
What are the 3 types of parasites?
Obligate. temporary, and facultative.
True or false, a temporary parasite is parasitic for limited periods for either feeding or reproduction?
True
What is a facultative parasite?
an organism that is not normally parasitic but can survive for a limited period when accidentally found in another organism.
True or false, an obligate parasite is totally physiologically independent of its host?
False, completely dependent.
A ectoparasite live on the host and causes infestations, true or false?
True
What is an endoparasite?
lives within the host and causes infections.
What is an example of ectoparasite seen on dogs and cats?
Flea
What is Zoonosis?
any disease of animals that can be transmitted to humans.
What is the difference between a protozoa and helminths.
Protozoa - multiply in definitive host
helminths - adult worms do not multiply in definitive host. Worms die over time, unless the host is re-exposed. (severity of disease is proportional to worm load introduced into the host.)
What is host specificity?
when a parasite ( particularly helminths) have a specificity for a particular definitive or intermediate host.
Why do parasites display host specificity?
Often parasite life cycles can only be completes in a particular host.
True or false, the best adapted parasites are the most pathogenic.
False, the least pathogenic are the best adapted.
What are the required conditions for endemic parasites?
-Reservoir of infection
-means of transmission to susceptible host
- ability to invade and establish new hosts
-ability to reproduce
What are the 3 types of eukaryotic organisms that affect the health and wellbeing of animals?
Protozoa - single cell nucleated
helminths - worm like animals showing differentiation
–nematode - roundworm
– cestode - tapeworm (flat worm)
–trematode - fluke (flatworm)
-arthropods - arachnids and insects
