Parasitic Protozoa: Kinetoplasta

Question 1

Protozoan Reprouduction

Answer 1

1. Sexual or asexual may alternate two life cycles
2. Asexual reproduction occurs binary fission or multiple fission
3. Sexual reproduction varies

Question 2

Protozoan Encystment

Answer 2

Most protozoans secrete coverings called cysts
Cyst forms: food deficiency, dessication, pH change
In some cyst: nuclear division occurs (rapid multiplication)

Question 3

Class Kinetoplasta

Answer 3

Contain single large mitochondrion containing Kinetoplast
-Family Trypanosomatidae

Question 4

Trypanosomatidae general pt1.

Answer 4

-All have single nucleus
-either elongated with 1 flagellum or rounded with a short flagellum
- lifecycle stages include blood or fixed tissues of vertebrates and intestine blood Sucking invertebrates
-Populations are clones

Question 5

Trypanosomatidae general pt 2.

Answer 5

Trypomastigote stage ( kinetoplast and kinetosome) are near posterior end of body is the Infective stage of trypanosoma
Amastigote stage ( spheroid with short flagellum) is infective stage of leishmania
Life cycles forms vary

Question 6

Trypansoma Characteristics

Answer 6

Are parasites of all vertebrates classes
Most live in blood/tissue fluids but T.Cruzi live in intracellular habitats

Either “Salivarians” (develop in forgut of insects)
Or
“Stercorarians” (develop in hindgut of insects)

Question 7

Salivaria

1. Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei
   2.Trypanosoma Equiperdum
   3.Trypanosoma Evansi

Answer 7

1. Nagana in animal ( ruminants)
2. Dourine in equines
3. Surra in mammals

Question 8

Salivaria

A. Trypanosoma Brucei Gambiense
B. Trypansoma Brucei Rhodesiense

Answer 8

Both are African sleeping sickness in humans

A. Chronic form sleeping sickness
B. Acute form of sleeping sickness/ game animals may be reservoirs

Question 9

Salivaria pt. 3

Answer 9

Glossina are (flies) that are intermediate hosts
Sighs include swollen lymph nodes and malaise and infection may cause death

Question 10

Stercoraria
Trypanosoma Cruzi

Answer 10

Kinetoplast is sub-terminal and large Chagas disease

Question 11

Stercoraria
Trypansoma Lewisi

Answer 11

Found in rats
Insects serve as intermediate hosts
Animals are reservoirs

Question 12

Leishmania

Answer 12

Spend part of their life cycle in a sand gut an remainder in vertebrate
Infections vary from self healing cutaneous infections to fatal ones

Question 13

Leishmania
1.Leishmania Donovan
2.Leishmania tropica

Answer 13

1. L-D bodies (amastigotes) are very small with Kinetoplast filling the cell
   -visceral leishmaniasis
2. Cannot be distinguished from L.Donovan
   Cutaneous leishmaniasis