Parasites, Virus and bacteria

Question 1

Leshimaniasis

Answer 1

sand fly
intracellular protozoal parasites
painless ulcer

Question 2

Trypanosomiasis

Answer 2

Tsetse fly
Trypanosoma brucei
oainless ulcer/chancre
generalised symptoms - fever, headaches, arthralgia

Question 3

plasmodium spp

Answer 3

malaria - anopheles mosquitos

Question 4

shistosomiasis

Answer 4

bulinus - fresh water snail
shistasoma haematobium

Question 5

Streptococcus pneumonia

Answer 5

-Most common form of CAP
Gram positive cocci in chains - usually diplococci
lobar consolidation

Question 6

Klebsiella pneumonia

Answer 6

Gram negative rod
anaerobe
normal flora of skin, GIT and mouth
cavitating pneumonia upper lobes or widespread consolidation

Question 7

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 7

common if underlying lung disease
gram positive coccus - clusters

Question 8

Pseudomonas

Answer 8

encapsulated gram negative rod in mucoid strains

Question 9

haemophillus influenzae

Answer 9

gram negative coccobacillus
grows well on chocolate blood agar

Question 10

Crptosporidium

Answer 10

ORH no need for antiiobitics unless immunocompetent/severe/persistent (azithromycin)
protozoa parasite (one cell)

Question 11

which cells most commonly effected by EBV

Answer 11

B lymphocytes which then induces potent T cell response

Question 12

Legionella

Answer 12

gram negative
atypical pneumonia
bibasal consolidation

Question 13

Sphirocaete Borellia Burgdorferi

Answer 13

Lyme disease
fastidious microaerophilic bacterium - no gram stain
lxodes tick
neurological manifestations in 15%

Question 14

Giardia llamblia

Answer 14

diarrhoea
abdominal pain and bloating
foul smelling stool
parasite

Question 14

Enterobius vermicularis

Answer 14

pinworm infection
perineal itching

Question 15

Bartonella henselae

Answer 15

Cat scratch disease

Question 16

Capnocytophagna

Answer 16

gram negative
colonise oropharynx of mammals
dog bites

Question 17

Clostridium Botulinum

Answer 17

gram positive, spore forming anaerobe
rod shaped
7 serotypes

Question 18

Toxoplasmosis (congenital)

Answer 18

Triad: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
Protozoa

Question 19

CMV (congenital)

Answer 19

sensorineural hearing loss
IUGR
microcephaly
chorioretinitis
intraventricular calcifications

Question 20

HSV (congenital)

Answer 20

microcephaly
cutaneous scars and vesicles

Question 21

Rubella (congenital)

Answer 21

microcephaly
sensorineural hearing loss
cardiac defects
cataracts
hepatosplenomegaly
petichiae

Question 22

Campylobacter

Answer 22

profuse vomiting and bloody diarrhoea
most common in children
faecal oral rout

Question 23

adenovirus

Answer 23

fever and watery diarrhoea

Question 24

E.Coli 0157

Answer 24

bloody diarrhoea
impaired renal function
HUS (pale and anaemic)