Parasites Flashcards
what parasites are the primary disease affecting sheep and lambs in production?
gastro-intestinal
Are goats or sheep more susceptile to internal parasites
sheep
what is IPM
integrated parasite management. Controls internal parasites in pasture animals by using combo of chemical and non-chemical means
what are safe and clean pastures?
non-contaminated with worm larvae
what are examples of clean pastures?
not grazed by sheep/goats for 6-12 months
been grazed by cattle/horses
fields that have had hay cut or rotation with field crops
recently established or renovated pastures
what percent of worms are found in the first 2 inches of grass?
80%
Sheep/goats can graze with cattle/horses
true
what can help reduce the hatch rate of eggs and decrease larval development?
tannis
What are types of tannis and what do they help reduce?
Sericea Lespedeza: reduce barber pole worm and coccidia
Birdsfoot Trefoil: reduce strongyle worms
Chicory: reduce fecal egg counts in lambs
animals with higher nutrition mount have a better immune response
true
animals on low protein diets produce less of what?
IGA
what can help give info on how contaminated pastures are?
fecal egg counts
what is FAMACHA?
utilizes an eye anemia guide
what is the 5 point check?
eye: anemia
back: condition
tail: soiling
jaw: swelling
nose: discharge
Haemonchus controtus
barber pole worm
stomach worm
prefers moist, warm climates
blood sucking that attaches to abdomine
causes plasma protein loss in sheep
difficult to control
5k-10k eggs per day are laid
Trichostrongylus spp and ostertagia spp
stomach worms of 2nd importance
found in sub-tropic areas (handle colder environment better)
Trichostrongylus spp more common in midwest
Moniezia spp
tapeworm
non-pathogenic (large numbers cause GI issues)
clinical signs: diarrhea and worms in feces
Dictyocaulus filarial and muellerius capillaris
Lungworms
prefer cool damp weather
affect trachea and bronchi
clinical signs: coughing, nasal discharge, tachypnea, poor performance, and fever
secondary bacterial infections can cause death
Fasciola hepatica
liver fluke
can cause sever liver damage in sheep
snails are intermediate host
non common in midwest
albendazole to treat
Paralaphostrongylus tenius
Meningeal worm or Brain worm
found in white tailed deer
sheep/goats are dead end hosts
difficult to diagnose
anthelmintics (avermectins), steroids, and supportive care to treat
Eimeria Spp
coccidia
single celled protozoan affecting small intestine
host specific
young sheep more commonly affected
clinical signs: diarrhea, dehydration, wt loss, decreased appetite, fever, anemia, and death
Amprolium (corid) to treat
lasalocid and decoquinate to prevent
what are the common external parasites in goats/sheep?
biting and sucking lice, mites, nose/nasal bots, and keds
when are lice worse?
winter
biting lice
mallophaga spp
feeds on hair and skin
sucking louse
anoplura spp
feeds on blood and bodily fluids
cause anemia
how do you treat lice?
seperate for at least 2 weeks
biting lice: topical insetasides every 2weks for 2 treatments
sucking lice: 2 treatments of ivomec 2 weeks apart
what are the most common mites in G/S
ear mites, follicle mites, and scabies mites
what do follicle mites cause?
demodectic mange
what do scabies mites cause?
sarcoptic mange
how can you treat mites?
ivermectin
sheep tick
keds
keds:
suck blood
spread by direct contact
treated with topical insecticides, ivermectin or moxidectin
what are symptoms of nose bots?
nasal discharge, head shaking, teeth grinding, and snorting iwth head to ground
how can you treat nose bots?
ivermectin after frost
