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SC Analysis > Parameters that Affect Physically Observable Side Channels > Flashcards

Parameters that Affect Physically Observable Side Channels Flashcards

1
Q

What is the shannon capacity?

A

C = W * log2(1 + S/N). W == bandwidth S/N = SNR

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2
Q

What is the information content of a message?

A

the number of 0s and 1s it takes to transmit the message

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3
Q

What are the three types of channels?

A
  • Binary channel - transmits 0s and 1s
  • Noisy channel - has errors (what I sent may not be what is received)
  • Noiseless channels - no errors
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4
Q

What is the data rate?

A

the amount of digital data that is moved from one place to another in a given period of time

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5
Q

How does bandwidth affect data rate?

A

Higher bandwidth == greater data rate?

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6
Q

What is the max data rate called?

A

The shannon capacity

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7
Q

what is bandwidth?

A

the difference between the higher and lower frequency

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8
Q

What bandwidth do we want when measuring SCs?

A

More bandwidth == more noise => want use the smallest bandwidth possible to recreate the signal (needs to be 2x size of message)

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9
Q

What is Resolution Bandwidth Filter (RBW)?

A

minimum separation required between two frequency components to be able to visually separate the signals. Less RBW == lower noise floor

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10
Q

What is sweep time?

A

How fast your instrument is sampling. It is inversely proportional to the RBW (lower noise == less sampling)

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11
Q

what is Shannon’s Sampling Theorem?

A

If a continuous, band-limited signal contains no frequency components higher than fs, then we can recover the original signal without distortion if we sample at a rate of at least 2*fs samples/second

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12
Q

What is the Nyquist rate?

A

2*fs

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13
Q

What is Bit resolution?

A

how many digits are used to record the amplitude of the signal that we are sampling

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14
Q

What are the most important measurements for SCs?

A

Sampling rate and bit resolution

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15
Q

What is Thermal noise?

A

created by the random motion of electrons in conducting materials that cause random, localized currents

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16
Q

Types of Coupling Noise

A

Capacitative and Inductive

17
Q

What is Capacitative coupling?

A

two wires connected (?) by capacitors, if you send a square pulse across one of them, there will be a current in the other (although not the full square pulse)

18
Q

What is inductive coupling?

A

two conductors that are configured such that a change in current through one wire induces a voltage across the ends of the other wire through electromagneticinduction

19
Q

What is Power Supply Noise?

A

Drops in power due to other circuit components pull voltage from the power supply (so components down the line get a slight decrease in power)

20
Q

How do we reduce power supply noise?

A

Decoupling or debouncing capacitors (decaps) - capacitors next to each component to store power for when it is needed
Prevents power from dropping each time a component draws from the main supply line

21
Q

What measurement requirements are there for control flow tracking via EM signals?

A
  • Reasonable bandwidth (4% of clock frequency)
  • SNR >= 20 dB
  • 100s - 1000s training samples (so you can average them out)
22
Q

What is the radiation pattern of an antenna?

A

graph of radiation properties. want to max main lobe and min others

23
Q

What is the beam width of an antenna?

A

angular separation between two identical points on the opposite side of the pattern maximum (width of area you can record)

24
Q

What is pattern maximum?

A

Highest point on radiation pattern

25
Q

what is Directivity?

A

ratio of power density radiated in a particular direction to the average radiated power density (aka how strong the antenna will be in a particular direction)

26
Q

What is gain?

A

directivity * radiation efficiency. enhances signal strength and noise

27
Q

What is polarization?

A

radiated electric field vector at a point in space as a function of time. receiving antenna must match

28
Q

What polarization do we use for side channels?

A

Side channels are not transmitted via normal means, so you do not know the polarization of the incoming signal ==> use circular

29
Q

what is an isotropic antenna?

A

The ‘ideal’ antenna - radiates equally well in all directions

30
Q

What directivity does an isotropic vs real antenna have

A

1 for iso, > 1 for real

31
Q

What is effective area?

A

the portion of an incoming wave that an antenna receives and extracts all the power from it

32
Q

What is Friis Transmission Formula?

A

formula to estimate signal strength at a given distance from the origin

SC Analysis (15 decks)

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