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Paramedic Drug Week 06 > Paramedic Drugs Week 6 > Flashcards

Paramedic Drugs Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Fentanyl Citrate

Class

A

Narcotic Analgesic

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2
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Mechanism of Action
Opioid

A

Agonist against the body’s opioid receptor

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3
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Mechanism of Action
GI System

A

Increases tone and decrease smooth muscle of the GI Tract

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4
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Indications

A

Severe pain

Adjunct to RSI

Maintenance of Analgesia

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5
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Contraindications

A

Myasthenia Gravis

Children under the age of 2

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6
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Adverse Reactions

A

Bradycardia

Seizures

Diaphoresis

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7
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Drug Interactions

A

May interact with alcohol or CNS Depressants

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8
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Dosage and Administration
Adult

A

25 - 100mcg IV, IN, IO, IM

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9
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Dosage and Administration
Pediatric

A

2-12 years old

1-2mcg per kg per dose

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10
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Onset Intravenous

A

Immediate onset IV

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11
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Onset IM

A

7-15 minutes

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12
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Peak Effect IV

A

Peak Effect 3-5 minutes

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13
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Peak Effect IM

A

Peak Effect IM

30 Minutes

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14
Q

Fentanyl Citrate
Sublimaze

Special Considerations

A

May cause life threatening hypoventilation

Have Narcan Available

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15
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Class

A

Fibrinolytic

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16
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Mechanism of Action

A

Alteplase is an enzyme that converts plasminogen to the enzyme plasmin.

When administered, it binds to the fibrin in a clot and converts the plasminogen into plasmin.

The plasmin then digests the fibrin and fibrinogen, causing the clot(s) to dissolve.

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17
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Indications

A

Acute Coronary Sydrome

Acute Ischemic Stroke

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18
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Adverse Reactions

A 
Bleeding
Allergic reaction and/or anaphylaxis (rare)
fever
Nausea
Vomiting
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19
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Drug Interactions

A

Always use extreme caution in patients on anticoagulation therapy

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20
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Dosage and Administration

Pediatric

A

Not Recommended

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21
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Dosage and Administration

Adult

A

Total dose is 100mg

A loading dose of 15mg is admin as an iv bolus over 1-2 minutes.

Followed by an infusion of 0.75 mg/ kg (up to 50mg) OV over 30 minutes

Then an infusion of 0.5 mg/kg (up to 35mg) IV over 60 minutes

Must be admin via IV pump and carefully monitored

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22
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Onset

A

Onset

Immediate

23
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Peak Effect

A

Peak Effect

Within 45 minutes

24
Q

Alteplase (rTAP, Activase)

Duration

A

Duration

6-8 hours

25
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Special Considerations
Anaphylaxis can occur with alteplase, but is very rare due to the recombinant DNA technology used to produce it. Emergency equipment should be readily available. Reperfusion arrhythmias are common once the occluded artery is opened. Anti arrhythmic medications should be also available
26
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Class
Osmotic Diuretic
27
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Mechanism of Action
Decreases cellular edema Increases urinary output
28
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Indications
Acute cerebral edema Blood transfusion reactions
29
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Contraindication
Pulmonary edema Dehydrated patients Hypersensitivity
30
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Adverse Reactions
Pulmonary Congestion Sodium depletion Transient volume overload
31
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Drug Interactions
May enhance digitalis toxicity
32
Mannitol | Osmotrol Dosage and Administration Adult
Adult: 1.5 to 2 g/kg iv slow push or infusion
33
Mannitol | Osmotrol Dosage and Administration Pediatric
0.25 to .5 g/kg iv over 60 minutes
34
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Onset
Onset: | 15 Minutes after start of infusion
35
Mannitol (Osmotrol) peak effect
Peak Effect 30 to 60 minutes
36
Mannitol (Osmotrol) Duration
Duration: 3-8 hours after discontinued
37
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Any prior intracranial hemorrhage
Absolute
37
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Known structural cerebral vascular lesion
Absolute
37
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Known malignant intracranial neoplasm
Absolute
38
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Ischemic stroke within 3 months (except acute ischemic stroke within 3 hours
Absolute
39
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Suspected aortic aneurysm
Absolute
40
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Active bleeding or bleeding disorder (except menstrual)
Absolute
41
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Significant closed head or facial trauma within 3 months
Absolute
42
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication History of chronic, severe or uncontrolled hypertension
Relative
43
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Sever in controlled hypertension on presentation SBP >180 or DBP >110
Relative
44
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication History of prior ischemic stroke >3months
Relative
45
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Dementia or other known intracranial pathology not specifically covered in the contraindications
Relative
46
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Traumatic or prolonged CPR >10 minutes
Relative
47
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Major surgery < 3 weeks
Relative
48
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Recent Internal Bleeding (within 2-4 weeks)
Relative
49
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Noncompressible vascular puncture
Relative
50
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Pregnancy
Relative
51
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Active Peptic Ulcer
Relative
52
Alteplase (rTAP, Activase) Relative or Absolute Contraindication Current use of anticoagulants
Relative

Paramedic Drug Week 06 (1 decks)

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