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Paramedic Drug Week 08 > Paramedic Drug Week 8 > Flashcards

Paramedic Drug Week 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

CLASS

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, paralyzing agent

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2
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

MECHANISM OF ACTION

A

Bind to the receptors of acetylcholine.

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3
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

INDICATIONS

A

To facilitate intubation, to terminate laryngospasm, to promote muscle relaxation, and to facilitate electroconvulsive shock therapy.

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4
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

Acute narrow angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, inability to control airway or support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure.

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5
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

SIDE EFFECTS

A

Apnea, malignant hyperthermia, arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypertension, hypotension, cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia, increased intraocular pressure, fasciculations, exacerbation of hyperkalemia in trauma patients

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6
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

DRUG INTERACTIONS

A

Effects potentiated by oxytocin, beta-blockers, and organophosphates.

Diazepam may reduce duration of action.

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7
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

ADULT DOSE

A

1 -2 mg/kg rapid IV; repeat once if needed

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8
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

PEDIATRIC DOSE

A

1 – 1.5 mg/kg dose rapid IV/IO; repeat once if needed

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9
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

ONSET

A

1 MINUTE

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10
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

PEAK EFFECT

A

1-3 MINUTES

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11
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

DURATION

A

5 MINUTES

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12
Q

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

A

If the patient is conscious, explain the side effects prior to administration. Consider premedication with atropine, particularly in pediatric patients. Premedication with lidocaine may blunt any increase in intracranial pressure during intubation. Diazepam or midazolam should be used in any conscious patient undergoing neuromuscular blockade.

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13
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

CLASS

A

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker/paralytic

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14
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

MECHANISM OF ACTION

A

Binds to the receptor for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

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15
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

INDICATIONS

A

Induction or maintenance of paralysis after intubation to assist ventilations.

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16
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

Hypersensitivity, inability to control airway and support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure, neuromuscular disease (myasthenia gravis), hepatic or renal failure.

17
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

SIDE EFFECTS

A

Apnea, weakness, salivation, PVCs, tachycardia; transient hypotension, increased BP; pain, burning at the injection site.

18
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

DRUG INTERACTIONS

A

Positive chronotropic drugs may potentiate tachycardia.

19
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

ADULT DOSE

A

0.04-0.1 mg/kg slow IV; repeat every 30 – 60 minutes PRN.

20
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

PEDIATRIC DOSE

A

0.1 mg/kg slow IV, IO

21
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

ONSET

A

30 SECONDS

22
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

PEAK EFFECT

A

3-5 MINUTES

23
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

DURATION

A

45-60 MINUTES

24
Q

Pancuronium (Pavulon)

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

A

Pancuronium has no effect on consciousness or pain.

Will not stop neuronal seizure activity.

Pulse rate and cardiac output are increased.

Decrease doses in patients with renal disease.

25
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

CLASS

A

Ultra-Short-acting nonbarbiturate hypnotic agent (dissociative anesthetic)

26
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

MECHANISM OF ACTION

A

It interrupts the pathways within the cortex and limbic system, prompting the release of endogenous catecholamines.

27
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

INDICATIONS

A

Anesthetic agent, airway maintenance, chemical restraint

28
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

Infants younger than 3 months and patients with established

psychosis

29
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

SIDE EFFECTS

A

Hallucinations, HTN, increased ICP, tremors.

30
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

DRUG INTERACTIONS

A

Incompatible with diazepam and barbiturates.

31
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

ADULT OPTIMAL DOSE

A

1.5 mg/kg IV

32
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

ADULT IM DOSE

A

4-5 mg/kg IM

33
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

PEDIATRIC DOSE

A

0.5 - 3.0 MG IV/IM

34
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

ONSET IV

A

60-90 SECONDS

35
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

ONSET IM

A

1-2 MINUTES

36
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

DURATION IV-IO

A

10- 15 MINUTES

37
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

DURATION IM

A

15-20 MINUTES

38
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

A

Consider premedication with benzodiazepines to prevent emergence reactions. Ketamine may be the preferred induction agent in a patient with respiratory failure.

Paramedic Drug Week 08 (1 decks)

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