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AAES Paramedic Course > Paramedic Drug Profiles > Flashcards

Paramedic Drug Profiles Flashcards

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1
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s class?

A
  • Sympathomimetic
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2
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s mechanism of action?

A
  • Alpha 1 - Increase systemic vascular resistance (bronchial, cutaneous, renal, and visceral arterial constriction)
  • Beta 1 - postiive inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic actions
  • Beta 2 - bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and mild dilation of skeletal vasculature
  • Increased myocardial workload and oxygen demand
  • Histamine blocker
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3
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What are the indications to use this medication?

A
  1. Cardiac arrest (V-fib, PVT, asystole, PEA)
  2. Severe bronchospasm (Asthma, bronchiolitis)
  3. Hypotension (refractory to any other therapy)
  4. Bradycardia
  5. Aaphylaxis
  6. Croup
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4
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s adult dose and route?

A

Pulseless arrest:
- 1 mg (10 mL of 1:10,000) IV/IO, repeat every 3-5 min. (no max dose)

Hypoperfusion, symptomatic bradycardia or R.O.S.C. (to maintain SBP > 90 or MAP > 65 mmHg)
- 10 - 20 mcg (1 - 2 mL) IV/IO push every 2 min. (1 mL Epi 1:10,000 in 9 mL NS = 10 mcg/mL)
- 2 - 10 mcg/min IV/IO (2 mL of 1:1,000 added to 250 mL D5W/NS gives 8 mcg/mL)

Anaphylaxis/Asthma:
- 0.3 - 0.5 mg (0.3 - 0.5 mL of 1:1,000) IM via lateral thigh or deltoid, may repeat every 5 - 15 min.
- 1 mg (10 mL of 1:10,000) IV/IO over 5 minutes
- 2 - 4 mcg/min IV/IO continuous infusion (2 mL of 1:1,000 added to 250 mL D5W/NS gives 8 mcg/mL)

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5
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s onset of action?

A
  • IV/IO: < 2 minutes
  • IM: 3 - 10 minutes
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6
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s peak effect?

A
  • IV/IO: < 5 minutes
  • IM: 20 minutes
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7
Q

Drug Profile for Epinephrine (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s duration of action?

A
  • IV/IO: 5 - 10 minutes
  • IM: 20 - 30 minutes
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8
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is the class of the drug?

A
  • Antiarrhythmic Agent
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9
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s mechanism of action?

A
  • Potassium channel blocker slows ventricular automaticity.
  • Sodium channel blocker slows membrane depolarization and impulse conduction
  • Calcium channel blocker and beta-blocker: negative chronotropic activity in nodal tissue: rate reduction
  • Prolongs refractory period
  • Dilates coronary arteries due to calcium channel and alpha-adrenergic blocking action
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10
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is indications to use this medication?

A
  • VF/PVT, polymorphic VT (Torsades) and wide-complex tachycardia with a pulse of uncertain origin
  • Hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia when cardioversion unsuccessful
  • Adjunct to cardioversion of DVT and PSVT
  • Rate control in atrial fibrillation and flutter
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11
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s adult dose and route?

A

VF/PVT:
- 300 mg IV/IO push over a minute, may repeat in 3-5 min. with 150 mg IV/IO slow push (if needed)

Wide-complex tachycardia, more than 5 PVCs in a minute, refractory A-fib or flutter, SVT:
- 150 mg in 100 mL D5 IV/IO over 10 min., may repeat in 10 min. (if needed)

Infusion after ROSC:
- 1 mg/min IV/IO drip over 6 hrs., then 0.5 mg/min over 18 hrs., (max dose 2.2 Gm/day)

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12
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s onset of action?

A
  • 1 - 2 min.
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13
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s peak effect?

A
  • 10 min.
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14
Q

Drug Profile for Amiodarone (Group 3A)

What is the drug’s duration of action?

A
  • Varies
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15
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What is the class of this drug?

A
  • Antiarrhythmic
  • Anesthetic post-intraosseous insertion
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16
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What is this drug’s mechanism of action?

A
  • Decreases automaticity
  • Equals conduction speed among cardiac muscle fibers
  • Increased ventricular fibrillation threshold
17
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What are the indications to use this medication?

A
  • Suppression of ventricular arrhythmias (V-tach/V-fib, PVCs)
  • Prophylaxis against recurrence after conversion from ventricular tachycardia or V-fib
  • Frequent PVCs (>6/min or 2 more in a row; multiform PVCs or R-on-T phenomenon)
  • Pre-intubation for head trauma or suspected intracranial hemorrhage
18
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What is the drug’s adult dose and route?

A

VF/PVT:
- 1 - 1.5 mg/kg IV/IO push, may repeat with 0.5 - 0.75 mg/kg IV/IO push in 5-10 min. (max total dose 3 mg/kg)

Wide-Complex Tachycardia, more than 5 PVCs in a minute, refractory A-fib or flutter, SVT:
- 1 - 1.5 mg/kg IV/IO push may repeat in 5-10 min. with 0.5 - 0.75 mg/kg IO push PRN (max total dose 3 mg/kg)

Infusion after ROSC:
- 1 - 4 mg/min, (1G in 250 mL NS gives 4 m g/ML)

Post IO insertion pain management:
- 2 mL of 2% lidocaine and wait 2 min., right after IO confirmation

19
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What is the drug’s onset of action?

A
  • < 3 min.
20
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What is the drug’s peak effect?

A
  • 5 - 10 min.
21
Q

Drug Profile for Lidocaine, 2%

What is the drug’s duration of action?

A
  • 10 - 20 min. for bolus doses

AAES Paramedic Course (4 decks)

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