Parallel Processing Flashcards
The two most ventral layers of the LGN consists of ____ cells. The four dorsal regions consist of _____cells.
magno; parvo
____ detectors have evolved to detect particular facets of the visual world.
Feature
The linear cells refer to ___cells, the non linear cells refer to _____cells. For ___ cells a null position is not found
x; y; y
Magno neurons have no color opponency. Their temporal responsiveness is _____. Their temporal sensitivity is _____ frequency. Their speed of transmission is ____ than parvo neurons. Their spatial linearity is ____ linear. Their spatial sensitivity is ___ frequency. They have a ____ response to contrast. Their cortical projection is at ____
transient; high; faster; fairly; low; stronger; 4calpha
Parvo neurons are color opponent. Their temporal responsiveness is ____. Their temporal sensitivity is ____ frequency. Their speed of transmission is slower than magno neurons. They have linear spatial linearity. Their spatial sensitivity is ____ frequency. They have a weaker response to contrast and their cortical projection is at ____
sustained; low; high; 4cbeta
A red/green color opponent parvo cell is inhibited by shorter wavelengths and excited by longer wavelengths. Whereas, a konio cell is excited by a _____ wavelength
short
Where does parallel processing occur
along the ventral and dorsal processing streams.
_______ gratings are composed of bars all of the same luminance, and are used to isolate the ____ system.
Isoluminant; parvo
Dyslexia is involved in the ____ pathway
magnocellular
What are areas of Brodman’s areas
1, 3, 4, 7, and 35
what does null point refer to
place where there is equal on and off responses across the receptive field. This is for X cells only
On ganglion cells are more selective for ____ wavelength light
shorter
Off ganglion cells are more selective for ____ wavelength light
longer
Rod signals develop ____ than cone signals, therefore thy are delayed.
slower
Melanopsin containing ganglion cells generate ____ ___ through connection to SCN
circadian rhythm.
What is the pathway for melanopsin containing ganglion cells
MCGC –> retrinothalamic tract –> suprachiasmatic nucleus of thalamus –> melatonin release
Optomotor eye movements requires fixation and reflex where attention decisions have to be made and is governed by the _____ nervous system
autonomic
In terms of generating smooth pursuit and saccades ____ and ___ are most critical
Frontal eye fields; medial superior temporal area
Which cranial nerves are most important in generating smooth pursuit
3 and 6
Describe the pathway for smooth eye pursuit movement
- Eyes pursue target
- contralateral eye sends info to LGN
- Goes to area 17
- Goes to MT
- goes to MST which communicates back and forth with FEF and NOT and the ponti nuclei which gets direction from ipsilateral eye
- Then gives feedback back to MST
- All info goes back to cerebellum
Parallel pathway goes through
NOT
Optokinetic Nystagmus refers to a moving grating which consists of a ____movment followed by a fast response
slow (smooth pursuit); fast response is the saccade
The user part of the visual cortex is represented by the ____
fovea
