Paragraph Development Techniques Flashcards
The topic is developed by defining a term connected to the topic. It is the method of trying to understand the meaning of a word or an expression.
definition
the primary or literal definition of a word based on a dictionary
denotation
the secondary meaning of a word and how people understand a word based on their own personal experiences
connotations
Two types of definitions
- denotation
- connotation
Parts of a valid definition
- term
- genus
- differentia
the classification of group where the term belongs
genus
the actual word to be defined
term
the characteristics or traits distinguishing the word uniquely compared to other members of its genus or classification
differentia
Two types of persuasion
- persuasive
- argumentative
text convinced others of the truth or falseness of an undecided matter
argumentative
text give the reader a balanced amount of the subject and it uses a neutral obejective tone
persuasive
appealing to the audience’s logic, use well supported and well developed facts
logos
appeal to credibility, you’re a respectable information source
ethos
appealing to the audience’s emotions
pathos
factors in influencing your audience/reader
logos
pathos
ethos
types of audience/reader to consider:
• supportive audience
• wavering audience
• hostile audience
they are not readily accepting your ideas. They may listen to you but that does not necessarily mean they automatically believe what you are saying
wavering audience
you can assume that there is a big possibility that they will side with your arguments
supportive audience
this type of audience is the most difficult to please and to win. you can even assume that they represents the opposing stance of the issue you are about to tackle
hostile audience
for citing similarities
analogy
for citing differences of either object to make the idea clear
contrast
for comparing ideas by pointing out similarities and differences
comparison
Techniques you can use to emphasized similarities or differences
• simile
• metaphor
• oxymoron
• personification
is what prompted something to happen
cause
is what was yielded after something else took place
affect
this is done by grouping items into categories, such as characteristics, types, factors, and other classes or divisions.
classification
Factors to consider in grouping ideas in a text: (classification)
• consistency
• exclusiveness
• completeness
this aims to give directions, explain a process, interpret a statement or explain a theory
explanation or discussion
this is the method that illustrates the idea being developed by listing, enumerating, and giving examples to reinforce the statement or make the ideas clear
exemplification
contents you can use in giving examples: (exemplifucation)
- visual illustrations
- facts
- anecdotes
- details
- opinions
- observations
these are concepts, ideas, and statements that are generally assumed to be true and real
facts
it appeals to the sense of sight to cencretize abstract concepts poverty.
visual illustrations
these are a brief narratives within a piece of writing
anecdotes
when enumerating details, you are zooming in your focus on the smaller or more specific parts for analysis
details
as opposed to facts are individual interpretation of people
opinions
appeal to the five human senses. this can be done anytime
observation
