Paragraph 3

Question 1

Paragraph 3 points

Answer 1

The next paragraph will…
Coyne and Kawkkenbos
Wilson et al.
Marryat et al.
Coyne
Siegel
More recently…
Circle of Security (COS)
Huber et al.
Johnston et al.
Readdick and Chapman

Question 2

The next paragraph will…

Answer 2

…focus on why PPP may not be effective for the current case study.
PPPs received a lot of criticism.

Question 3

Coyne and Kwakkenbos

Answer 3

Criticised research promoting use of PPPs - use of underpowered trials - at risk of bias and investigator manipulation.

Question 4

Wilson et al.

Answer 4

Not effective across whole population and no long-term benefits.

Question 5

Marryat et al.

Answer 5

Effectiveness of PPP on reducing mental health problems - pre-school children - Glasgow- no significant improvement in behaviour and social and emotional difficulties over 6-year period.

Question 6

Coyne

Answer 6

Ineffective - doesn’t work/it’s controlling/it’s all about marketing.

Question 7

Siegel

Answer 7

Concerned over something deeper - PPPs lack awareness of a child’s mind - mind-blindness.

Question 8

More recently…

Answer 8

…there has been a push towards more relational interventions and understanding of how child’s brain works - not solely behaviour management,

Question 9

Circle of security (COS) model

Answer 9

Difficulties in parent-child relationship occurs when parent is not aware of and therefore cannot meet child’s attachment needs.

Question 10

Huber et al.

Answer 10

Changing parent’s perspective on child’s behaviour - encouraging them to see it as expressing an unmet need can alleviate negative parenting behaviours.

Question 11

Johnston et al.

Answer 11

COS model aims to change assumptions.
Negative parent reactions can fuel child’s behavioural problems - vicious cycle.

Question 12

Readdick and Chapman

Answer 12

PPPs advocate for strategies e.g. timeout.
Punitive and demoralising - not discouraging bad behaviour.