Paradise Lost Flashcards
Yusuf in the Qu’ran … the story in the Old Testament
rewrites
Satan in the Qu’ranic story refuses to … and therefore goes to …: he’s … of Adam and Eve. This idea becomes tradition in both Christianity and Islam, and Milton’s work reflects this notion
bow down to Adam and Eve; Hell; jealous
Paradise Lost is an … in … parts
epic poem; 12
Book 1 announces what’s
goint to happen
Book 4 has Adam and Eve in … (aka …)
Garden acts as a … (compare to Qu’ran and Bible)
Garden: … and … are in accord, as well as … and …–> no … between them: Eden is a place of complete …
Eden; Paradise; symbol; men; women; humans; nature; conflict
Book 9 is where … occurs
the fall
Milton is trying to …. the two versions of …
align; creation in the Bible
Milton believed he was writing the
greatest epic poem of all time
Great Latin poem called the …
Aeneid by Virgil
Greek Latin Poem:
Iliad
emergence of … in 14th century: before this, the idea that … (…) languages need to be developed arises
nation-states; vernacular; local
idea that different nations need to have their own …
in early 17th century, Milton wants to write the …
Previously, Edmund Spencer wrote a Protestant epic called the …
epics; great English epic; Fairy Queen
1517: …
initiated by Catholic priest … who declared that he wanted to … from …–> ends up … the Catholic church, reformers were …
Protestant Reformation; Martin Luther; reform the church; within; splitting; persecuted
Milton is …:
English Revolution undertaken by …
- For 1st time in European history a king was …–> king no longer …, put on trial by … and was …
Milton writes Paradise Lost after the …. Protestants thought …, but … comes back in power
.. saved Milton from danger
Protestant; Protestants; put on trial; above the law; Parliament; executed; Protestants lost; Christ would come; Charles II; Andrew Marvell
Milton, …, … Paradise Lost
blind; dictates
Paradise Lost is significant because it influences … writers forever (e.g. Romanticism)
According to some, if you like Milton you’re a …–> these names still hold significance in England today
English; leftist radical
purpose of Paradise Lost was to ..
justify the ways of God to man
Paradise Lost intended to explain the …, which revolves around why God permits … and … in the world
Question of justification is called… (explanation of God’s … and of …)–> reason why everything happens in the world
problem of evil; evil; pain; theodicy; ways; suffering
problem of evil is a problem because, before the fall, there is no …, and all the suffering in the world today has derived from …, because both Adam and Eve …: how could a …, .., … God allow good people to suffer? (inherent question)
pain; the fall; ate from a tree; good; omnipotent; merciful
Discourse of marriage: Catholic priests can’t marry, Protestant priests can–> idea of …
companionate marriage
milton attempts to imagine what companionate marriage would mean from within the context of
Christianity
Paradise Lost begins with an …: classic epics would have them to …, Milton writes “Heav’nly Muse” to … this notion; Heav’nly muse is the …
invocation; muses; Christianize; Holy Spirit
“Mortal taste”: introduces … and … taste of the fruit
death; humanizes
“all our woe”: …, covers all of …
poignant; human suffering
Heav’nly Muse inspired … to write the story of creation–> rewriting of … and … in terms of the creation story: Epic convention of packing in … of poem in the beginning–Milton is following this convention
Moses; Genesis; John; subject;
Language is being … by layering the previous line with more …
intensified; information
poem also acts as a
prayer
Milton is writing from a position of .., …
prayer from someone who feels as though God has …
combination of … and … present in the beginning reflects Milton’s own emotions
pain; defeat; abandoned him; despair; hope
Brancacci chapel, masaccio frescoes
frescoe:
mural on wall
(Book 4) Satan is kind of like the future of …, when they are …
humans; fallen
(Book 4) Milton presents it as if Satan is, perhaps, … with Eve because of her … …. of Adam
in love; beauty; Jealous
(Book 4) Angels warning Adam and Eve is Milton’s way of trying to …: Empson, a literary critic, said that what made Paradise Lost so good is that it made God so …
Milton didn’t play down God’s …
Paradise Lost was a failed …, because Milton didn’t succeed in …–> he doesn’t fully persuade his audience
justify God; bad; anger; theodicy; explaining God’s ways to man
“At one slight bound high…”
word bound has dual meaning: foreshadowing that Eve and Adam will be …: losing their …
bound; freedom
Epic simile: simile is developed, with many …., …
details; extended
epic simile in Paradise Lost:
Satan as hungry, powerful …, driven by hunger to look in a new place for …, looking at a secure place where … keep their …
Adam and Eve are compared to …–> …, ..
Christian … imagery (God as …)
Satan is also compared to a …
wolf; prey; shepherds; sheep; sheep; vulnerable; innocent; pastoral; shepherd; thief
Milton includes …, targeting Catholics: “His Church lewd hirelings climb!”
sectarian polemic
Milton writing against … in gardens (e.g. … gardens) where everything’s perfectly …, etc. He advocates the idea of nature …
nice art; baroque; trimmed; taking control
politics of the garden:
- in 16th century, notion of .. came about: people were allowed to graze their animals in common, no matter who owned the land, so poor people could have a …/something of the sort, or grow their own …
… got rid of this, people began to put up …
more people became …, …
the world was being more … to people
languages of … and … used in discourses of …
enclosures; cow; gardens; enclosures; fences; landless; impoverished; closed off; vagrancy; vagabondage; slavery
milton is anti-…, and uses his description of Eden to argue against it. Taking the issue on indirectly, by thinking through how things would have been …
enclosure; different in Eden
in the 16th century, Christians absorbed and gave Christian inflection to … (like Greek … and other pagan ideologies)
Christian …
claimed that these stories were preparing the world for …
classical stories; mythology; humanism; Christ’s presence
Satan knows he’s going to lose, but he wants … to … too
He does this, because it … His sheer motive is to …
Satan is a profoundly … character
Satan knows the consequences and knows he can’t …, but Adam and Eve don’t know this, and he’s still willing to … anyway
mankind; fall; spreads out the blame; get back at God; petty; win; take them down
at this point in history, Catholicism didn’t support the notion of … in marriage
love
companionate marriage in Protestantism, occurs when Luther launches attack on Catholic notion of …
shown in Book … in how Adam and Eve are presented: Lines 411-417 “Sole partner…”
Eve is Adam’s …–> fairly … notion in 17th century
celibacy among priests; four; companion; liberal
“Sole partner” speech is the 1st speech by a human being in the poem
Adam is still addressing Eve as an … in the … era. Adam presents tree thing as a …–> Milton trying to say it was an … thing that shouldn’t have happened
Presents Adam and Eve as not knowing what … is
equal; pre-lapsarian; minor prohibition; easy; death
Eve is presented as …, when she sees her reflection in the pond, and thinks that she is more beautiful than Adam
Narcissus
Adam is emotionally … Eve: I gave you my rib, why are you fleeing from me?
blackmailing
Eve desires her own … too much. Part of the issue that causes her to fall is that she is …: Kind of reflecting the situation in Milton’s own marriage-the woman wants too much … (his divorce)–> moment of …
freedom; alone; space; projection
part of the problem is that a companion is made for Adam, but she isn’t all that …
Eve becomes a wife that wants too much …
into him; independence
Milton makes this situation (between Adam and Eve and stuff) less …, and more understandable in human terms: there are problems in the …, and that’s what leads to the fall
evil; marriage
Milton works the … present in his life into the story which works itself into the ..,. in that it implies that God isn’t …–> can’t make marriage that is …, makes a … for Adam
contradictions; problem of evil; omnipotent; perfect; flawed companion
Milton suggesting that Eve wanted to be Adam’s … in her monologue after her fall Makes audience more … towards Eve. Suggests here that the problem was that she …–> implies that women’s desire for … is part of the problem
Eve wants more … and … and this is the problem
equal; sympathetic; wanted to be his equal; equality; autonomy; equality
adam presented more as a .., whereas Eve is more .. like in lines 885-901: Adam is … in front of Eve, …
- patriarchal interpretation: men need to be in control, because women are …, because if they are left alone, they might wreak all kinds of … Since men are so … by women, they have to follow
- Eve doesn’t even have to tempt Adam, because that’s how …/.. he is
buffoon; interesting; powerless; helpless; dangerous; damage; enchanted; devoted; enchanted
When Eve does transgress, it’s her … that becomes a problem. Eve is weaker because she’s too … and has less control over her … Adam is characterized as … by his devotion to Eve, which is what causes his fall
- sets up patriarchal …, even in patriarchal marriage
intelligence; rational; impulses; neutralized; inequity
Some of the most unequal discourses toward women are those of … and …
casts person who is ‘protected’ as …
love; protection; ungrateful
Eve has a little bit of … (self-…_
autoeroticism; eroticism
(Predestination) Did God predestine this or did He simply …, and why didn’t He …? Because He is omnipotenet and omniscient, why didn’t he make Eve …?
- one argument is … The contradiction is in how Milton describes … within the poem
- if they’re gonna fall, … will be born and sin will be …
- God hasn’t engineered everything that Eve is gonna make: This gets into the biggest theological issues about why the world is the way it is –circular, gets back to problem of evil
- the other question is why is the male …? why wasn’t Eve …?
Milton tries to solve the issue of predestination by reconciling the two …
know in advance; prevent it; different; free will; women; Christ; canceled; dominant; created first; creation stories
Adam is … at Eve’s desire for independence
bemused
Adam: my devotion to you is so great, so why do you want anything else but me
Adam desires a … power over Eve.. It’s a power that exercises itself through a performance of … Adam making himself the .., a kind of … The injury is to him because his devotion isn’t returned
- relates to abuser/rapist mentality: “You made me do it”
- narrative of male … combined with male … –> way to transform powerlessness into absolute …, by suggesting that involuntary arousals, etc. must be acted upon
paradoxical; helplessness; victim; wounded masculinity; victimage; power; violence;
how notion of marriage manifests itself in pride and prejudice? women have to …-patriarchal structure
marry