Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OMFS - D2 - Spring > Par 2 > Flashcards

Par 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Incisions to be Avoided?

A
  1. canine prominences
  2. region of mental foramen
  3. palatal vessels/nerves
  4. incisive papilla
  5. bony lesions
  6. major frena
  7. lingual of MD (vertical)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An envelop flap extends __ tooth/teeth anterior & __ tooth/teeth posterior to area of surgery.

A

An envelop flap extends 2 teeth anterior & 1 tooth posterior to area of surgery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If relaxing incision required it should extend __ tooth/teeth anterior and __ tooth/teeth posterior to area of surgery.

A

If relaxing incision required it should extend 1 tooth anterior and 1 tooth posterior to area of surgery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F? Incisions heal from side to side.

A

TRUE. Incisions heal from side to side–not end to end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Flaps should be at least __ mm away from bony defect.

A

Flaps should be at least 5 mm away from bony defect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the mandibular anatomical structures to avoid?

A
  1. lingual n.
  2. facial a.
  3. mental n.
  4. long buccal n.
  5. buccal a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the maxillary anatomical structures to avoid?

A
  1. greater palatine vessels & nn
  2. incisive papilla
  3. nasopalatine n.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

*A panoramic film is good for ___ year(s).

A

A panoramic film is good for 1 year(s).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

*In the maxilla, the anatomic structure of import in removing posterior teeth is ___; in the mandible ___.

A

In the maxilla, the anatomic structure of import in removing posterior teeth is maxillary sinus; in the mandible inferior alveolar nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the indications for surgical removal of erupted teeth?

A
  1. Failure of forceps extraction
  2. Probability of root fracture
  3. Proximity of significant adjacent structures
  4. To preserve supporting alveolar bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How would you do surgical removal of maxillary cuspids?

A
  1. envelope flap
  2. remove elongated triangle of facial bone
  3. forceps & elevators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How would you do surgical removal of maxillary molars?

A
  1. envelope flap
  2. remove buccal bone–expose bifurcation
  3. section buccal roots (Start at bifurcation)
  4. remove crown w/ palatal root
  5. remove buccal roots
    OR.
  6. envelope flap
  7. section crown from roots
  8. divide roots
  9. remove roots individually
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How would you do surgical removal of mandibular molars?

A
  1. divide crown/roots B/L (go 3/4 to 7/8 up t the occlusal surface w/ bur–to protect going thru the tongue)
  2. remove mesial & distal crown-root segments w/ forceps
    OR
  3. remove crown
  4. divide roots
  5. remove roots individually
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When using elevators, where do you start?

A

At the MB line angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

For most instances, what are the most difficult teeth to extract?

A

Cuspids & 1st molars (I’m assuming he meant maxillary??)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How small is a root tip that can be left behind?

A

< 4-5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

*List 3 potential indications for surgical removal of erupted teeth.

A
  1. failure of forceps extraction
  2. probability of root fracture
  3. proximity of significant adjacent structures
  4. to preserve supporting alveolar bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

*List 1 instance when a tooth planned for extraction should NOT be removed using an open surgical technique.

A
  1. Soft tissue attachment
  2. Elevators
  3. Forceps
  4. Your “other” hand
  5. Cuspids & 1st molars
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

*List 4 indications for extraction.

A

Possible answers: non-restorable caries, endo therapy won’t help, severe periodontitis, effects of trauma, impacted or supernumerary, ortho or prosth, cracked, malposed, pre-radiation therapy, associated with pathological lesion, esthetics & economics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

*List 4 contraindications for extraction.

A

Possible answers: ANUG, post-radiation therapy, ASA IV, severity of pericoronitis (if red and sore extract), acute infections, and malignant tumors (remove tumor first or simultaneously)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

*Why do you extract maxillary teeth before mandibular teeth in same appointment?

A

Debris from maxillary extractions can fall into open sockets of mandibular teeth if mandibular teeth are extracted first.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When you are doing a mandibular extraction, what position are you in? How should the occlusal plane be in relation to the floor?

A

7 - 8 o’ clock; MD parallel to floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When you are doing a maxillary extraction, what position are you in? How should the occlusal plane be in relation to the floor?

A

7 - 8 o’ clock; 45-60 degrees (occ plane to floor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
  • T/F? A lever transforms a small movement and large force into a large movement and small force.
A

FALSE. A lever transforms a large movement & small force to a small movement & large force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • Using right angled elevator to remove the remaining residual mesial root fragment from 18, the mechanical principle involved is…?
A

wheel & axle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

*If the working end of instrument at right angle to handle, what principle is being used?

A

Wheel and axle (Cryer elevator)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

*The first direction of force when extracting a tooth…?

A

apical

28
Q
  • The most frequently omitted step when extracting a difficult erupted tooth is…?
A

cutting a flap

29
Q

What teeth are #17 & #23 for?

A

mandibular molars

30
Q

What is the difference between #17 & #23 forceps?

A
  • # 23 can apply more pressure & can slip & lock into furcation; also if crown were to break, it’s more likely to fracture down the middle–can treat as 2 premolars, etc
  • # 17 cannot lock into furcation
31
Q

*Relaxing incision should be what distance from tooth being extracted?

A

1 tooth anterior and 1 tooth posterior to area of surgery, 5mm from tooth being extracted- ant segment

32
Q

*Which elevator is used as a “wheel & axle”?

A

Cryer elevator

33
Q

*T/F? When sectioning molar tooth for removal, start at occlusal and go towards bifurcation.

A

FALSE.

34
Q

*Name three reasons/indications for leaving a root tip.

A

Possible answers: no more than 4-5mm in length, no periapical pathologic infection, must be deeply imbedded in bone and not loose, and danger/risk of removal must outweigh not removing tip

35
Q

*Name three locations for a tooth to be pushed/misplaced during an extraction.

A

Possible answers: infratemporal fossa, maxillary sinus, submandibular space, inferior alveolar canal

36
Q

*T/F? When removing max molar, section and remove palatal root separately and remove buccal roots with crown.

A

FALSE

37
Q

*You have sectioned badly decayed #30 and removed the distal half of the tooth. There is no crown structure left. What elevator would be a good choice to use in a wheel and axle fashion to remove the mesial segment?

A

Cryer elevator

38
Q

*T/F? Puncture wounds are treated via debridement, primary closure, and antibiotic therapy.

A

FALSE.

39
Q

*What is the first line antibiotic for use in alveolar osteitis?

A

Antibiotics are not used for dry sockets.

40
Q

A patient calls your office 24 hrs after dentoalveolar surgery complaining of pain. The most likely cause is…?

A

dry socket

41
Q

Describe the alveolar bone surrounding the mandibular molars.

A

Variable; lingual often thinner!

42
Q

What are the types of flaps?

A
  1. envelope
  2. flaps w/ vertical relaxing incisions
  3. curved flaps
  4. pedicle flaps
43
Q

What are some possible causes to postoperative complications?

A
  1. poor access & visualization
  2. incorrect use of instruments
  3. poor technique
44
Q

T/F? The mandible has greater potential for swelling, problems, and post-op pain.

A

TRUE.

45
Q

In the lecture notes, what is stated as the treatment for puncture wounds?

A

Copious irrigation, antibiotics, & NO SUTURING!

46
Q

How would you fix a 2-6mm sinus perforation? Over 7mm perforation?

A

2-6mm: clot promotion (Gelfoam?)

Over 7mm: reparative surgery (OMS?)

47
Q

Can you ever leave a root fragment in the sinus?

A

Yes, if the fragment is small (2-3mm) & if the sinus and root tip are healthy.

48
Q

What causes ecchymosis?

A

Caused by submucosal or subcutaneous oozing

- more common in elderly w/ inc’d capillary fragility

49
Q

What causes trismus?

A

injection hematoma, hematoma in mm followed by fibrosis

50
Q

What is the most common cause for subperiosteal infection?

A

inadequate flap debridement

51
Q

What causes spicules/sequestra?

A
  1. loss of periosteal blood supply
  2. sharp unsupported bone
  3. uncontrolled force
52
Q

What nerve does not regenerate?

A

lingual nerve

53
Q

What is the most common tooth for dry sockets?

A

third molars

54
Q

Are dry sockets more common in the maxilla or mandible?

A

More common in the mandible bc the mandible relies on one large vessel while the maxilla is highly vascularized.

55
Q

What is the perfect patient for not getting dry sockets?

A
  • male or non-menstruating women not on BC pills
  • pre-op AB dose
  • pre-op rinse & for several days post-op
  • under 25 yrs old
  • non-smoke/drinker
  • no meds
  • tetracycline in site
56
Q

Bacteria in the oral cavity are largely…

A

aerobic gram + organisms

  • Strep being the most common of them…
  • others: Bacteriodes melaniogenicus, Candida
57
Q

In the nasal cavity, the most prevalent bacteria in children is…? In adults…?

A

Children: H. influenzae
Adults: S. aureus

  • others: aerobic gram + (mainly strep)
58
Q

What is the main bacteria of the maxillofacial skin flora?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

  • others: S. aureus from nose; Corynebacterium diphtheriae; Propionibacterium acnes
59
Q

What is the bacterial flora below the clavicle like?

A
  • S. epidermis
  • C. diphtheriae
  • Gram (-) aerobes, such as E. coli, Klebsiella, & Proteus
  • Anaerobic enteric organisms such as Bacteriodes fragilus
60
Q

What is the vaccine for Hep B?

A

Heptavax

61
Q

T/F? HIV is likely to be transmitted via saliva.

A

FALSE

62
Q

What is sepsis?

A

the breakdown of living tissue by the action of MO’s; usu accompanied by inflamm.

63
Q

What are the conditions that make dry heat sterilization effective?

A

Dry heart at 285 F sterilizes in 3 hrs

64
Q

What are the conditions that make moist heat sterilization effective?

A

Steam at 280 F sterilizes in 1.5 min

65
Q

What are the conditions that make gas sterilization effective?

A

Ethylene oxide at 50 C in 3 hrs

- can destroy spores, but has toxicity to animal tissues

OMFS - D2 - Spring (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions