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A Level DT (in Progress) > Papers and Boards > Flashcards

Papers and Boards Flashcards

1
Q

what is paper and board usually made from?

A

woods

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2
Q

what material binds together the Woodfibre’s?

A

Lignin

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3
Q

what three methods can wood pulp be produced by?

A

Mechanical, chemical or waste

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4
Q

what is the process for making mechanical pulp?

A

logs of wood are debarked and saturated with water
they are ground

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5
Q

what is an advantage of mechanical wood pulp?

A

offers a high yield

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6
Q

what are some disadvantages of mechanical wood pulp? ( name 2)

A

creates low grade paper
greater impurities

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7
Q

can mechanical Pulp be bleached and what with?

A

yes, with peroxide or sodium hydroxide

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8
Q

what is the process for making mechanical pulp?

A

wood is debarked and chipped
chips are pounded and screened
pulp is treated with acid or alkali and stored

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9
Q

what are 2 advantages of chemical pulp

A

contains fewer impurities
longer and stronger fibres

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10
Q

what is a disadvantage of chemical pulp?

A

fibre yield is lower

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11
Q

what is waste pulp made from?

A

recycled paper and card

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12
Q

how can better quality paper be produced from waste pulp?

A

add in virgin fibres

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13
Q

what are two disadvantages of waste pulp?

A

creates lower grades of paper
colour and strength aren’t as good.

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14
Q

in industrial paper making, what machine is paper produced on?

A

Fourdrinier Machine

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15
Q

in industrial paper making, what water percentage is pulp diluted to?

A

99.5% water

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16
Q

in industrial paper making, how are the fibres allowed to interweave?

A

they are pushed through a slit and passed along a vibrating belt

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17
Q

in industrial paper making, what happens to the pulp in paper making after it passes along the vibrating belt?

A

it is pressed with a mesh top to drain even more water

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18
Q

in industrial paper making, how are the fibres smoothed in the paper making process before they are dried?

A

they are passed under rollers

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19
Q

in industrial paper making, how is the pulp dried?

A

it is passed through a series of heated rollers.

19
Q

in industrial paper making, what can be added during the drying process?

A

sizing agent

20
Q

in industrial paper making, how is paper given a smooth gloss finish after drying?

A

the paper is ran through calendars

21
Q

what are the four main sections in the fourdrinier paper making process

A

1- Wet End
2- press section
3- drying section
4- calendar stack

21
Q

in industrial paper making, what happens at the wet end?

A

wood pulp is diluted and vibrated so that fibres interweave

22
Q

in industrial paper making, what happens in the press section? (2)

A

-rollers press, stretch and smooth remaining paper
-thickness of paper is determined

23
Q

in industrial paper making, what happens in the drying section?

A

heated rollers dry the paper
sizing agents are added

24
Q

in industrial paper making, what happens in the calendar section?

A

the paper/ card is fed through smooth polished rollers

25
Q

what is the gsm of Layout paper?

A

50

26
Q

what is the gsm of tracing paper?

A

60-90

27
Q

what is the gsm of copying paper?

A

80

28
Q

what is the gsm of cartridge paper

A

120-150

29
Q

what is layout paper used for?

A

outline sketches and rendering ideas

30
Q

what is cartridge paper used for?

A

drawing/ most art media

31
Q

what is the relative cost of layout paper?

A

relatively expensive

32
Q

what s the relative cost of tracing paper?

A

heavier weights can be more expensive

33
Q

when is copier paper expensive?

A

when bought in bulk

34
Q

which paper is more expensive than copier paper?

A

cartridge paper

35
Q

what are the four drawing papers you need to know?

A

layout, tracing, copier, cartridge

36
Q

what are the two commercial printing papers?

A

bond paper
coated paper

37
Q

what gsm is bond paper?

A

50+

38
Q

what pulp is bond paper made from?

A

rag pulp

39
Q

what gsm is coated paper?

A

70-300gsm

40
Q

what is coated paper coated in?

A

China clay, pigment and adhesive

41
Q

what is bond paper used for?

A

official letters and graphic work that involved pens, pencils and felt-tip pens

42
Q

what is coated paper used for?

A

high quality print jobs

43
Q

when is bond paper inexpensive?

A

when purchased in bulk

44
Q

what is the relative price of coated paper?

A

expensive

45
Q

what are the commercial card and board types you need to know? (5)

A

mounting board
recycled card
corrugated board
folding box board
foil-lined board

A Level DT (in Progress) (7 decks)

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