paper 3 Flashcards
1
Q
what do you keep in mind for formal vs informal writing
A
audience
purpose
format
content
2
Q
informal audience
A
family/friend
3
Q
informal tone
A
friendly/chatty
no slang allowed
4
Q
formal audience
A
formally known/unknown
5
Q
formal tone
A
polite
6
Q
informal purpose
A
keep in touch
info
inquiry
7
Q
formal purpose
A
application
discussion/opinions
complaint
request
order
enquiry
gratitude
8
Q
informal letter format
A
your address
date
formal greeting - Dear …
informal ending - Your best friend
9
Q
formal letter format
A
your address
date
their address
formal greeting - Dear Sir or Madam or name if know
topic line
formal ending - Yours faithfully.
- sincerely if greeted with name
your signature and name
10
Q
informal content
A
follow topic
plan opening + central points
11
Q
formal content
A
follow topic
plan opening + central points
logical argument > examples
brief concise
12
Q
useful phrases to arrange information logically
A
First of all… secondly… Finally, and worst of all…
In addition
Apart from the above
Furthermore, I would also like to draw your attention to
13
Q
formal letter layout
A
(right) your address
- street
- suburb
- town
- post code
date
(left) their address
- position > The Manager
- company name
- address as above
Dear ___(if know name) OR Dear Sir or Madam/Sir/Madam (if don’t know name)
SUBJECT LINE
Opening:
- clear statement for why writing
> I am writing in/with reference to… I saw.. would like… receive
> I am writing in response/reply to…
> I am writing to complain about…
Body:
- 1-3 paragraphs
- formal, concise, polite
Conclusion:
- sum up > what action do you want to be taken
> I look forward to receiving your reply/hearing from you
> Thanking you in advance for your consideration
> Please find enclosed a copy of my CV for your perusal.
Yours sincerely/faithfully (corresponding with above)
signature
Name
position (if needed)
14
Q
formal language
A
no contractions
no slang
15
Q
informal letter layout
A
(right) your address
- street
- suburb
- town
- post code
date
(left) Dear ___
Body:
- 2+ paragraphs
- contractions
- informal punctuation!
Conclusion:
- thanks
- look forward to
Kind regards
Name
16
Q
can’t wait
A
look forward to
17
Q
about
A
in reference to
18
Q
tell
A
inform
19
Q
can
A
would be able to
please/would you
20
Q
say
A
mention
21
Q
answer
A
reply
22
Q
also
A
furthermore
23
Q
want
A
would like
24
Q
keep in mind with letter of complaint
A
- be clear
- don’t be rude
25
im upset because
I am particularly unhappy about
26
no offense
I am sorry (to have) to say
27
i want to
i am very keen to
28
soften the blow
unfortunately
29
yippppeeeeee
i was delighted to hear that
30
let down
which was very disappointing
31
weigh up both sides
happily, ... despite my request for
32
pay me back or give me smth
i should receive some compensation (okay freaky)
33
completely diff
is not what i expected
34
what i want to happen
what would suit me best is
35
amazing smash youre awesome
was most impressive
36
hold them accountable queen
even though you mentioned
supposed to
but in fact
whereas
only
actually
37
yucky
dissatisfactory
38
when given topic and stuff what do you do
- answer question words
- make up answers where not given
39
expressions when requesting information
- i would particularly like to know
- i would be interested in having more details about
- could you tell me smth abt
- does the programme organise
- I would be most grateful if
40
formal conjunctions
furthermore/moreover
in order to
therefore
nevertheless
41
when are application letters used
- with CV for job application
- individually to request form
- apply for bursary, grant, etc.
42
what terms used in application letter opening
apply for/interested in the position of... advertised in
43
what to include in body of letter of application
1. personal details: I am/have/hope to be able to/attend
> age
> qualification/education
> experience + time
> plans/goals
2. reason:
> would enjoy/appreciate the opportunity
> feel that the work would be
> results/effects of thing
3. extra points...
4. arrangements:
> i would be able to attend an interview at any time that is convenient for you/at any time except
> would be able to collect/arrange for collection
44
subject line for letter of application
APPLICATION FOR POST OF ...
45
what is a letter to the editor
- express strong opinions
- enact social change
> published
+ letter to wider audience!!!
46
purpose of letter to editor
- express views
- NOT solve problem
47
opening phrase for letter to editor
I am writing
> in response to...
> to express my support/disapproval...
> with regard to...
> about
I have just read
48
how to state editor opinions in formal way
- imo
- feel/believe/think
- opposed to/in favour of
- (dis)agree
49
how to express words with more strong emotions but formally still
totally
strongly
urgently
50
express consequences (conjunction kinda)
This would mean
Then
Therefore
As a result
Consequently
If do...
Obviously (okay DIVA)
Clearly (the sassssSs)
51
how to end letter to editor
I hope
> comments/suggestions/points will be taken into consideration
> government/local council will
> smth will be done abt this urgently
52
what to include in content of letter to editor
- problem
- details
- possible solution
53
who address in letter to editor
The Editor
54
where use punctuation in separate lines of letters
no commas anywhere
initials have no .
55
informal letter introduction examples
> thank for initiating convo
> great to hear from
> apologize for late/no writing
> busy/working hard
> well wishes to receiver and family > find in good health
56
good/bad news phrase for infomrla
glad/sorry to hear/read abt
57
linking words for informal
- by the way
- have you heard abt
- tell me about
- oh, another thing
- so you want
- anyway
- the reason I'm writing
- wondering
- thought i'd write to tell/ask
58
ending
- looking forward to hearing/hope to hear from/write back soon!
- keep in touch!
- take care of/look after yourself!
- lmk if you need anything/just gimme a call if you have any questions left
59
obituary
notice of passing of someone known by audience
60
obituary must include
full name
DOB, DOD
where living when died
birthplace
names of key survivors
funeral - time, date, place
tribute
61
obituary may also include
cause of death
bio info
style/tone
euphemisms
62
obituary format
(centered) Lucy James
DOB - DOD
(uncentered) Full name, age, passed away on date at place due to
Born in, she was the daughter of . She attended /graduated at. She was employed at and worked as.
Name was a member of
She enjoyed
Tribute - positive things
> achievements/examples
> from paper
She is survived by relatives
> child: parents/siblings
> grandparent: grandchildren
The funeral service will be held on date at time at place and address.
Name will be remembered for her personality traits.
63
useful tribute phrases
... to all who knew
always...
a adjective type of person
loved/enjoyed...
thrived on...
passion for...
committed to...
a person of...
lived a life of...
64
how to refer to funeral
Memorial Service
65
what are articles used for
inform
persuade
entertain
66
keep in mind for magazine/newspaper
style/tone differs
67
purpose of newspaper article
inform of current events
68
purpose of magazine
interest people about current topic (not breaking news)
69
newspaper content
accurate facts
objective/unbiased
formal
concise
3rd person
active verbs
70
magazine content
specific target market
depth
personal/conversational tone
informal
71
format of newspaper article
(centered) TITLE (short, clear, catchy, use if given)
Sub-title (only start capitalised, informative)
Name
(two columns)
(right) picture - Picture 1 in centre of block
Caption
Photograph by
72
format of magazine article
(centered) TITLE (short, clear, catchy)
Sub-title (only start capitalised, informative)
By Name (next column) Photographs by Name
(two columns)
(right) picture - Picture 1/2 in centre of block
Caption
> 2 pictures
73
purpose of headline
capture attention
74
techniques for successful headline
jargon
ambiguity
familiar names
puns
sensationalism
emotive
alliteration
75
tips for body of newspaper article
Intro: grab attention
- question
- unexpected
1:
- NB facts
- question words
2-4:
- details
- 1/2 quotations
- balanced views
- very short
Last: round off
- link to topic
76
how do captions in newspaper differ from magazine
newspaper: direct description
magazine: includes own point or conversation in it, repeat of what said but rephrased
77
ideas to cover in magazine article
- opinion/view/argument
> sides
- problems
> solutions/suggestions
- advice/recs
78
phrases instead of "said" (that)
reported
claimed
went on to state
confirmed
disputed
agreed
emphasised
79
time connectives for newspaper article
shortly before
later that day
before long
as
soon after
soon
afterwards
after that
hours/moments/seconds/much later
later on
next
within minutes/hours/seconds
suddenly
without any warning
at that very moment
in a flash
daybreak
sun( )set
evening (fell)
80
dialogue vs interview
dialogue: equal convo
interview: one speaker probes other (okay FREAKS)
81
format of dialogue/interview
(centered and underlined) Discussion between and
[Context in one sentence]
Name: (indent)
Name: (indent)(sighs) Hello
82
tips for content of dialogue/interview
no long greetings
respond to brief immediately
83
how to plan interview
Q/a x4
84
interview questions
- biggest obstacle & how overcome
- inspiration
- moments of influence
- purpose/trying to achieve
- why important
- put into perspective
- tell me about
- explain what doe
85
interview answers
- feel strongly that
- few people realise
- in my experience
- before we move on to that I need to stress
- a good example of that is
86
tips for speech
- attentive
- paragraph form
- formal/informal > audience
- brief/simple
87
format of speech
(centered) title
one line greeting
opening line > outline subject
3/4 paragraphs > key ideas
conclusion > logical, appropriate
88
formal vs informal speech
formal
- well-structured
- clear
informal
- unprepared
- light, sincere
89
what to always keep in mind for transactional writing
- purpose
- audience
- context
90
what is a report
factual concise account / summary
91
formal report
- exact info
- investigation
92
informal report
- event involved in
93
formal report language
formal
94
informal report language
formal
no slang/colloquial
objective
95
formal report format
(centered) Report on the inves...
For attention: Name
Terms Of Reference: As requested by ___, the report investigates ___
PROCEDURE:
1. steps for gathering of info
2. The results were analysed.
FINDINGS:
1. based on info
2. make up facts
CONCLUSION: paragraph summarizing discoveries
RECOMMENDATIONS:
1. what suggest, wo using personal pronouns
DATE:
SIGNED:
L James
Position
96
informal report format
(centered) Report on the ...
Dates: (indented)
Attended by:
For the attention of:
1. HEADING OF ASPECTS
Paragraph discussing heading,
evaluating, specific
recommendations
1. RECOMMENDATIONS
Overall recommendation,
what not mentioned before
Name
sig
Pos
Date
97
review format
(centered) Title: overall opinion phrase
By Name
Info:
Opening - single sentence summing up, like topic sentence
Intro - brief background
Body - don't give away
Concl - opinion/rec/score out of smth
98
review style and tone
subjective
formal
99
qualities of restaurant to discuss
location
menu
type
price
clientele
service
100
book review paragraph guideline
opening: title, author, underlying msg
setting/main characters
storyline
style/genre/target
101
for review, what to consider in info block
question words
specifics are encouraged
102
instead of good
inviting
lively
world-class
appealing
warm-hearted
worthwhile
expertly
acclaimed
award-winning
riveting
bold
compelling
dynamic
sophisticated
flawless
103
what to keep in mind for CV
applicable to job
> not academics if irrelevant
104
what is a covering letter
summary of CV
105
purpose of CV/covering letter
introduce
info > most qualified/applicable
