paper 2 urban issues & challenges Flashcards
urban issues and challenges
What is urbanization?
Urbanization is the process by which an increasing percentage of a population comes to live in urban areas.
True or False: Urbanization leads to the growth of cities and towns.
True
Fill in the blank: Urbanization is often driven by __________ and job opportunities.
economic growth
What is one major effect of urbanization on the environment?
Urbanization can lead to increased pollution and loss of green spaces.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a consequence of urbanization? A) Increased housing demand B) Decreased public transportation usage C) Urban sprawl D) Strain on infrastructure
B) Decreased public transportation usage
what is quality of life ?
the general well-being of people
what is standard of living ?
the level of wealth, comfort, materials/goods available to a certain geographic area
what is agribusines ?
large scale farming for large profits
What is desertification?
Desertification is the process by which fertile land becomes desert as a result of various factors, including climatic changes and human activities.
True or False: Desertification can occur in any climate.
False: Desertification primarily occurs in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas.
Fill in the blank: One major cause of desertification is __________.
deforestation
What are two human activities that contribute to desertification?
Overgrazing and unsustainable agricultural practices.
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of desertification? A) Loss of biodiversity B) Increased agricultural productivity C) Soil erosion
B) Increased agricultural productivity
what is appropriate technology ?
technology that is sustainable to the social and economic conditions of that geographical area
what is infrastructure ?
the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities
What does LIC stand for in GCSE geography?
LIC stands for Low-Income Country.
True or False: LICs typically have high levels of industrialization.
False
Fill in the blank: LICs often face challenges such as ________ and ________.
poverty; limited access to education
Which of the following is a characteristic of LICs? A) High life expectancy B) Low GDP per capita C) Advanced infrastructure
B) Low GDP per capita
Name one example of a Low-Income Country.
Afghanistan
What does HIC stand for in GCSE Geography?
HIC stands for ‘High-Income Country’.
True or False: HICs typically have a lower standard of living compared to LICs (Low-Income Countries).
False.
Which of the following is an example of a High-Income Country? A) India B) Brazil C) Germany
C) Germany.
Name one characteristic commonly associated with HICs.
HICs often have advanced infrastructure and high levels of education.
What does NEE stand for in GCSE Geography?
NEE stands for Newly Emerging Economy.
True or False: NEEs are typically characterized by high levels of income and industrialization.
False.
Fill in the blank: NEEs often experience rapid ______ growth.
economic
Name one example of a Newly Emerging Economy.
Rio of Nigeria
Which of the following is a characteristic of NEEs? a) High unemployment b) Rapid urbanization c) Low literacy rates
b) Rapid urbanization
