PAPER 2 - Types and Methods of Practice Flashcards
What is the PART method ?
- skills are split up into sub-routines
- fractionisation
What are the STRENGTHS of the part method ?
- allows performer to make sense of the skill
- achieve initial success with basic movements
- gain confidence
What skills is the part method good for ?
- low organisation
- serial
- complex (only if low organisation)
What are the three types of the PART method (Wightman and Lintern)
- fractionisation
- segmentation
- simplification
What is FRACTIONISATION ?
practising the separate sub-routines of the whole skill
What is SEGMENTATION ?
same as progressive-part method
What is SIMPLIFICATION ?
reducing the difficulty of the subroutines e.g. using large sponge ball
Give an example of the PART method
tennis serve = back swing before striking the ball
What is the WHOLE method ?
- skill is taught without breaking it down
- enhances kinaesthetic sense
What are the STRENGTHS of the whole method ?
- execute the skill fluently
- appreciate the relationship between each movement
What skills is the whole method good for ?
rapid or ballistic skills
Give an example of the whole method
golf swing = each part interacts closely with each other
What is the WHOLE-PART-WHOLE method ?
- firstly attempts the whole skills
- then broken down
- then puts sub-routines together
What are the STRENGTHS of the whole-part-whole method ?
- allows athlete to understand the technique
- also allows kinaesthetic feel
What skills is the whole-part-whole method good for ?
- low organisation
- serial
Give an example of the whole-part-whole method ?
- basketball layup
- break skills down into run-up and take-off
What is the PROGRESSIVE-PART method ?
- serial skills are broken down into sub-routines
- each sub-routine is seen as a link of a chain
- two links are then practices, then three links
What skills is the progressive-part method good for ?
- serial
Give an example of the progressive-part method
breaststroke = leg action and then arm action
What is the MASSED method ?
- continuous practice period
What is DISTRIBUTED practice ?
- practising with breaks
Give an example of massed practice
- badminton drill of drop shots
Give an example of distributed practice
- football dribbling between cones
- get feedback after doing one set
What is FIXED practice ?
- predictable practice environment
