paper 2- Elizabethan England Flashcards
Who were Elizabeth’s grandparents, parents and siblings?
Henry 8 Anne Bolyn, mary edward
Who were the key political players in Europe during Elizabeth’s life?
phillip of spain , mary of scotland
How did the Protestant Reformation come about?
elizabeth is queen
What were the differences between Protestants and Catholics?
catholics are flashier and have mass
Who were Elizabeth’s main allies and enemies?
spain
How and when did religion change in 16th century England?
cathjolic to protrestant
How did Elizabeth’s early experiences under her father, brother and sister, shape her character?
knew vhow to rule better
What was the structure of Elizabeth’s government?
her in the middle
Who did Elizabeth choose as her key advisers in the Privy Council?
robert dudley william cecil
What was the function of the Royal Court?
keeping it together
What was the function of Parliament?
same but more
How much power over Parliament did Elizabeth have?
a lot
What was the function of Progresses?
people see liz
Which aspect of Elizabeth’s government gave her the most power?
she was in it
How effective a ruler was Elizabeth in the 1590s?
pretty good
Why was there a succession crisis in Elizabeth’s reign?
she never married or had children and never named and heir
Who were Elizabeth’s suitors and why didn’t she marry them?
robert dudley philip of spain
Who were Elizabeth’s potential and actual heirs?
james 1 mary scots
Was the Elizabethan period a cultural Golden Age?
yes
How did fashions change in the Elizabethan period?
ruffs
How did architecture change in the Elizabethan period?
got more simple
How did theatre develop in the Elizabethan period?
shakespeare
What was the purpose of theatre in Elizabeth’s reign, and who were its opponents?
make her look good
puritans
How did Elizabeth nurture her image as the Virgin Queen?
never married
What were the causes of poverty in Elizabeth’s reign?
lack of money
What attitudes to the poor existed in Elizabeth’s reign?
that they were lazy
What did the government do about the crisis of poverty in Elizabeth’s reign?
taxes
What prompted the voyages of discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries?
peer pressure
What voyages of discovery had happened before Elizabeth’s reign?
america
What were the aims of exploration in Elizabeth’s reign?
gold and a new religious settlement and make Liz more powerful
What was achieved through exploration by the Elizabethans?
Virginia
How significant was Sir Francis Drake?
spanish didnt like him
What were the aims of Elizabeth’s religious settlement?
gold and famous
What religious policies did Elizabeth put in place?
catholics could not publicly hold mass
What opposition did Elizabeth face from Catholics?
a lot plots mary queen of scots
What opposition did Elizabeth face from Puritans?
no theatre etc.
How successful was Elizabeth’s religious settlement?
not very, most people died
How much of a threat was Mary Queen of Scots to Elizabeth?
a big one even though she just wanted to go to scotland so
Why was Mary Queen of Scots executed?
she was involved in four plots to overthrow Elizabeth.
What were the consequences of the execution of Mary Queen of Scots?
angry catholics very sad Liz
What caused the Spanish Armada?
idk
How well did Spain resource and plan the Armada?
theyk had more supplies and resources than British but not enough food
What were the main reasons for the defeat of the Armada?
idk
What did her sister do?
in 1554, Mary I imprisoned Elizabeth after she was accused of conspiring against her.
Elizabeth’s favourites?
Robert Dudley (earl of Leicester 1564)
Walter Raleigh (joined court in 1581)
William Cecil (served until his death in 1598)
Francis Walsingham (Principal Secretary 1573)
How did she feel about Parliament?
she only called 13 sessions in 44 years.
Elizabeth’s suitors
refused to find a husband in 1563
Almost married King Eric of Sweden, Robert Dudley and Duke Francis of Anjou.
Essex’s Rebellion
8th February 1601, he rebelled in London
Executed 25th Feb
Poverty at the time:
Between 1536 and 41, Henry VIII had closed monasteries.
from 3-4 million people in the 16th century.
Poor Laws
1560s onward
further laws made in 1597 and 1601 in response to the crisis of 1590s. made the poor rate compulsory.
