Paper 2

Question 1

human use the earths resources for..

Answer 1

warmth, shelter, food and transport

Question 2

finite resource

Answer 2

a resource that cannot be replaced once used

Question 3

Renewable resource

Answer 3

can be replaced once used and will not run out

Question 4

Potable water

Answer 4

water with low enough concentration of salts and microbes that is safe to drink

Question 5

The sources of fresh water in the uk

Answer 5

lakes and rivers

Question 6

1st stage of producing potable water

Answer 6

filtration of fresh water through filters

Question 7

2nd stage of producing potable water

Answer 7

sterilisation with chlorine, ozone or ultraviolet - this kills microbes

Question 8

Desalination

Answer 8

the production of potable water by removing salts

Question 9

1st stage of waste water treatment is

Answer 9

screening (filtering) and grit removal

Question 10

2nd stage of waste water treatment is

Answer 10

sedimentation to produce sewage sludge and effluent

Question 11

sludge treatment uses

Answer 11

anaerobic bacteria digestion to reduce the volume of sludge

Question 12

Effluent treatment uses

Answer 12

aerobic bacteria to remove harmful microbes

Question 13

life cycle assessment are

Answer 13

carried out to assess the environmental impact of products, services or events including every stage

Question 14

5 stages of LCA

Answer 14

raw materials, extraction, manufacture, transport, use, disposal

Question 15

Sustainable development

Answer 15

resources to meet the needs of people today without preventing people in the future from meeting theirs

Question 16

Carbon neutral

Answer 16

there is zero net release of greenhouse gases, this can refer to a fuel or a process

Question 17

carbon footprint

Answer 17

is the total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted over the full life cycle of a product, service or event

Question 18

reuse and recycle

Answer 18

to prevent used items going to landfills

Question 19

glass and metals can be recycled by

Answer 19

sorting, crushing, melting and reforming

Question 20

Test for pure water is

Answer 20

measure the boiling point, pure water boils at 100°C

Question 21

The two main gases that make up Earths current atmosphere are

Answer 21

nitrogen (78%) & oxygen (21%)

Question 22

4.6 billion years ago, earths early atmosphere

Answer 22

contained lots of carbon dioxide and water vapour released by volcanoes

Question 23

Earth cooled, the water vapour

Answer 23

condensed to form the oceans.

Question 24

Carbon dioxide levels

Answer 24

decreased over time, because carbon dioxide dissolved in the water and precipitated out as a carbon rocks

Question 25

2.7 billion years ago, algae

Answer 25

which removed carbon dioxide and produced oxygen by photosynthesis.

Question 26

Carbon dioxide was also decreased by

Answer 26

the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels that contain carbon.

Question 27

fossil fuels

Answer 27

coal, oil and natural gas

Question 28

Human activities that increase the amounts of carbon dioxide

Answer 28

burning fossil fuels and deforestation.

Question 29

Human activities that increase the amounts of methane

Answer 29

cattle farming and growing rice, rubbish decomposing in landfill sites

Question 30

green house gases

Answer 30

carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour

Question 31

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere maintain

Answer 31

temperatures on Earth high enough to support life.

Question 32

carbon dioxide

Answer 32

greenhouse gas which lead to global warming

Question 33

Potential effects of global climate change are

Answer 33

melting ice caps, rising sea levels, flooding, extremes of weather, loss of habitats.

Question 34

Greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced.

Answer 34

by using renewable energy sources.

Question 35

Oxides of nitrogen are produced in a car engine at

Answer 35

high temperatures, which enable oxygen and nitrogen from air to react

Question 36

Sulfur dioxide

Answer 36

at produced when sulfur impurities from fossil fuels react with oxygen

Question 37

Sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen cause

Answer 37

acid rain and respiratory problems in humans.

Question 38

Carbon particulates cause

Answer 38

global dimming and health problems for humans.

Question 39

Carbon monoxide is a

Answer 39

a toxic gas, which is colourless and odourless so is not easily detected

Question 40

Carbon monoxide

Answer 40

is produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels.