paper 2 Flashcards
Bond energies
(energy of) bonds broken - (energy of) bonds formed
Rate of reaction (Products)
Quantity of reactants used/ Time taken (grams)
Rate of reaction (Cm 3)
Quantity of products formed / time taken (Cm 3)
Collision theory
Temprature
Concentration
Pressure
Catalyst
Surface Area to volume ratio
Conditions for producing alcohol
High temp 300 Degrees
High pressure
Phosphoric acid catlyst
what type of reaction makes alcohols
Addition reaction because the water molecule is being added to the ethene molecule.
Advantages to alcohol reaction
Ethene is cheap and the reaction itself is cheap and efficient.
Disadvantages to alcohol reaction
Ethene is made from crude oil which is a non-renewable resource, so if it starts to run out it will become expensive.
How are esters made
An ester is made by reacting a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst (such as sulfuric acid).
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to form esters.
In the reaction, the carboxylic acid loses its OH group, and the alcohol loses the H from its OH group. These then combine to form water (H2O).
What is the COO link in a ester called
Ester Link
what does Ethanedioc acid and ethanediol form
Poly(Ethyl Ethanoate) + water
Rf Value
Distance traveled by substence/distance traveled by solvent
chlorine test
damp litmus paper - bleach white *red inbetween
