Paper 2

Question 1

Each line of assembly code is equal to …… lines of machine code

Answer 1

One

Question 2

Assembly language created to

Answer 2

Speed things up

Question 3

Assembly language made

Answer 3

Opcodes easier to read because used a mnemonic and operand to form an instruction

Question 4

Assemblers

What do they do

Answer 4

Translate assembly language to machine code

Question 5

Assembly language

Negative

Answer 5

Time consuming

Hard to read debug and maintain

Question 6

Grace Hopper

Idea

Answer 6

Her idea

Creating compiler to translate English code to machine code

Took 3 years to be taken seriously

Question 7

What did people think computers could do

Who changed that

Answer 7

Computers could only do arithmetic

Grace Hopper

Question 8

High level languages examples

Answer 8

Fortran

COBOL

Question 9

High level languages

Properties

Answer 9

Easier to read

Easier to Maintain and debug code

Question 10

High level languages can be translated using

Answer 10

Compiler or interpreter

Question 11

Compiler

What will it do

Answer 11

Create a single executable file that can be run without original source code

(Translates high level languages)

Question 12

Interpreter

What will it do

Answer 12

Translate high level languages

Run the source code one line at a time and doesn’t create executable file

Question 13

Compiler
Can do (document)

Answer 13

Create fully translated version of a document and use whenever need to

Takes time
Not need original document anymore
Easily share translated document

Question 14

Interpreter
Can do
(Document)

Answer 14

Translate each line of document individually whilst you use it

Quick to do initially
Always need interpreter when wanting to use document

To share, others would need interpreter

Question 15

High level language definition

Answer 15

Written in formal structured English

Easier for humans to read, maintain and debug

Question 16

Low level language definition

Answer 16

Written in machine code or assembly language, quickly executed by a computer

Question 17

Interpreter definition

Answer 17

Translates and executes a program one line at a time

Always required for code to execute

Question 18

Compiler definition

Answer 18

Translates program into executable file that will work independently from the source code

Question 19

Translator

Answer 19

Executes the programs that programmers write in high level language

Question 20

Machine code definition

Answer 20

Represented by 0 and 1s

Only language a computer can execute

Question 21

Example of
Machine code
Assembly language
High level language

Answer 21

0011001100100

mov edx, DWORD PTR [rbp-0x4]

Int c=a+b

Question 22

If a program written in assembly language uses 400 lines of code, how many lines of machine code would there be

Answer 22

400 lines of code

Question 23

What is needed in order to translate assembly language to machine code

Answer 23

Assemblers

Question 24

Machine code is specific to ….

Answer 24

CPU

Question 25

Who first conceived the idea of a compiler

Answer 25

Grace Hopper

Question 26

Advantages of subroutines

Answer 26

Easier to spot errors and fix because dealing with smaller problems Easier to reuse code Used with other apps Allows to decompose the problem in structured format Large programming problem can be divided between programmers

Question 27

Purpose of trace tables

Answer 27

Run through an algorithm and simulate what a computer would do if the program were to execute Test the logic of an algorithm - errors can be spotted

Question 28

To categories of subroutines

Answer 28

Procedures | Functions

Question 29

Procedure definition

Answer 29

Executes a specific set of commands when it is called Never returns a value

Question 30

Function definition

Answer 30

Used to calculate or process a value based on arguments given Always returns a value

Question 31

Return value definition

Answer 31

A value that is returned by a function

Question 32

Parameter definition

Answer 32

Used in a subroutine to allow values to be passed into them

Question 33

Argument definition

Answer 33

The values held in the brackets of a subroutine call Passed into a subroutine via the parameters

Question 34

Subroutine definition

Answer 34

A sequence of instructions to perform a specific task with an identifiable name

Question 35

Def meaning in programming

Answer 35

Defines the subroutine

Question 36

Variable definition

Answer 36

Holds a value in a memory location that is needed for the execution of your program Can hold one value at a time

Question 37

Initialising definition

Answer 37

Initial value is assigned to the variable

Question 38

Declaration definition

Answer 38

Declare a variable as a certain data type

Question 39

Assignment meaning

Answer 39

Change the value held at the variable location

Question 40

IDE stand for

Answer 40

Integrated development environments

Question 41

IDE | Created for

Answer 41

Give programmers all the tools they needed to write programs in one place

Question 42

IDE | Allow programmer to

Answer 42

Write run and debug code without switching programs

Question 43

IDE | Includes

Answer 43

``` Colour coding Highlight important syntax structures Automatically indent code Autocomplete lines Point out any errors ```

Question 44

IDE will call…

Answer 44

Interpreter to translate the code and allow program to be run and tested