Paper 1 Topic 1 Flashcards
What’s gpe
Energy stored in object due to position above earths surface due to gravity acting on object
Specific heat capacity
Amount of energy req to raise temp of 1kg of substance by 1^C
Law of conservation of energy
Energy can be TRANSFERRED Usefully, stored or dissipated - not created / destroyed
Closed systems + how to reduce unwanted energy transfers
no energy can enter / leave
- can reduce energy transfers by reducing friction eg lubricants
What’s work done
Whenever energy is transferred from one store to another - mechanical + electrical
Power
Rate at which energy is transferred / work is done
Efficiency
What fraction of energy is transferred to useful forms
Fossil fuels + advantages + disadvantage
Coal oil gas
Reliable, release lots of energy , abundant
C02 emissions, non renewable
What does Nuclear power run on + adv / disasv
Run on Uranium and plutonium
Adv _ no c02 , reliable
Disadv radioactive materials can be dangerous if released , decommissioning takes many years and is expensive + generated lots of radioactive waste
Why are gas fired power stations useful
Short start up time and flexible
What’s a baseload and why’s it useful
Constant supply of electricity eg nuclear power
Renewables uses vary which can damage efficiency + output of electricity
Advantages and disadvantages of renewables
Never run out of, do not emit co2
Not reliable in cases
Name 5 renewables + uses
Hydroelectric (reliable but habitats destroyed + only useful with lots of rivers
Wind (no air pollution , req constant stream of air)
Solar (infinite potential of energy , sunlight dependent)
Biomass (cheap to construct, can cause co2)
Geothermal (unlimited , development expensive)
How is charge measured
Coulombs (C)
