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A-level PE OCR > Paper 1- the muscular system > Flashcards

Paper 1- the muscular system Flashcards

1
Q

Define flexion.

A

A movement which decrease the angle between bones at a joint.

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2
Q

Define extension.

A

A movement where the angle increases between the bones and joint.

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3
Q

Give an example of flexion.

A

Bicep curl (upwards phase)

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4
Q

Give an example of extension.

A

Bicep curl (downwards phase)

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5
Q

Define concentric contraction.

A

A contraction that causes the muscle to shorten.

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6
Q

Define eccentric contraction.

A

A contraction that causes the muscle to lengthen.

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7
Q

Define isotonic contraction.

A

A contraction that causes the muscle to change length, producing movement.

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8
Q

Define isometric contraction.

A

A contraction where there is no change in the length of the muscle so there is no movement.

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9
Q

Define fixator.

A

The muscle that stabilises the origin of the agonist and the joint that the origin moves over.

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10
Q

Define lateral.

A

Towards the outside of the body.

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11
Q

Define medial.

A

Towards the middle of the body.

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12
Q

Define posterior.

A

Towards the back of the body.

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13
Q

Define anterior.

A

Towards the back of the body.

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14
Q

Knee:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.

A
  • Hinge joint.
  • Femur/ tibia.
  • Sagittal plane.
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15
Q

Wrist:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.

A
  • Condyloid joint.
  • Radius/ ulna/ carpals.
  • Sagittal plane.
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16
Q

Ankle:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.

A
  • Hinge joint.
  • Tibia/ fibula/ talus.
  • Sagittal plane.
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17
Q

Elbow:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of motion

A
  • Hinge joint.
  • Humerus/ radius/ ulna.
  • Sagittal plane.
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18
Q

What movements occur at the wrist?

A

Flexion
Extension

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19
Q

What movements occur at the elbow?

A

Flexion
Extension

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20
Q

What movements occur at the shoulder?

A

Flexion/ Extension
Adduction/ Abduction
Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation
Horizontal extension/ Horizontal flexion

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21
Q

What movements occur at the hip?

A

Flexion/ Extension
Abduction/ Adduction
Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation

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22
Q

What movements occur at the knee?

A

Flexion
Extension

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23
Q

What movements occur at the ankle?

A

Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion

24
Q

Hip : Flexion: Agonist

A

Iliopsoas

25
Q

Hip: Flexion: Antagonist

A

Gluteus Maximus

26
Q

Hip: Extension: Agonist

A

Gluteus Maximus

27
Q

Hip: Extension: Antagonist

A

Iliopsoas

28
Q

Hip: Adduction: Agonist

A

Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus

29
Q

Hip: Adduction: Antagonist

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

30
Q

Hip: Abduction: Agonist

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

31
Q

Hip: Abduction: Antagonist

A

Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus

32
Q

Hip: Medial Rotation: Agonist

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

33
Q

Hip: Medial Rotation: Antagonist

A

Gluteus Maximus

34
Q

Hip: Lateral Rotation: Agonist

A

Gluteus Maximus

35
Q

Hip: Lateral Rotation: Antagonist

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

36
Q

Shoulder: Flexion: Agonist

A

Anterior Deltoid

37
Q

Shoulder: Flexion: Antagonist

A

Posterior Deltoid

38
Q

Shoulder: Extension: Agonist

A

Posterior Deltoid

39
Q

Shoulder: Extension: Antagonist

A

Anterior Deltoid

40
Q

Shoulder: Hz Flexion: Agonist

A

Pectoralis Major

41
Q

Shoulder: Hz Flexion: Antagonist

A

Trapezius

42
Q

Shoulder: Hz Extension: Agonist

A

Trapezius

43
Q

Shoulder: Hz Extension: Antagonist

A

Pectoralis Major

44
Q

Shoulder: Adduction: Agonist

A

Latissimus Dorsi

45
Q

Shoulder: Adduction: Antagonist

A

Middle Deltoid

46
Q

Shoulder: Abduction: Agonist

A

Middle Deltoid

47
Q

Shoulder: Abduction: Antagonist

A

Latissimus Dorsi

48
Q

Shoulder: Medial Rotation: Agonist

A

Subscapularis
Teres Major

49
Q

Shoulder: Medial Rotation: Antagonist

A

Infraspinatus
Teres Minor

50
Q

Shoulder: Lateral Rotation: Agonist

A

Infraspinatus
Teres Minor

51
Q

Shoulder: Lateral Rotation: Antagonist

A

Subscapularis
Teres Major

52
Q

Shoulder:
- Type of joint
- Articulating bones
- Planes of movement

A
  • Ball and Socket
  • Head of Humerus/ Glenoid Fossa of Scapula
  • Sagittal/ Frontal/ Transverse
53
Q

Hip:
- Type of Joint
- Articulating Bones
- Planes of Movement

A
  • Ball and Socket
  • Head of Humerus/ Acetabulum of Pelvis
  • Saggital/ Frontal/ Transverse
54
Q

What plane is flexion in?

A

Saggital

55
Q

What plane is extension in?

A

Saggital

56
Q

What plane is abduction in?

A

Frontal

57
Q

What plane is adduction in?

A

Frontal

A-level PE OCR (15 decks)

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