Paper 1- the muscular system Flashcards
Define flexion.
A movement which decrease the angle between bones at a joint.
Define extension.
A movement where the angle increases between the bones and joint.
Give an example of flexion.
Bicep curl (upwards phase)
Give an example of extension.
Bicep curl (downwards phase)
Define concentric contraction.
A contraction that causes the muscle to shorten.
Define eccentric contraction.
A contraction that causes the muscle to lengthen.
Define isotonic contraction.
A contraction that causes the muscle to change length, producing movement.
Define isometric contraction.
A contraction where there is no change in the length of the muscle so there is no movement.
Define fixator.
The muscle that stabilises the origin of the agonist and the joint that the origin moves over.
Define lateral.
Towards the outside of the body.
Define medial.
Towards the middle of the body.
Define posterior.
Towards the back of the body.
Define anterior.
Towards the back of the body.
Knee:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.
- Hinge joint.
- Femur/ tibia.
- Sagittal plane.
Wrist:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.
- Condyloid joint.
- Radius/ ulna/ carpals.
- Sagittal plane.
Ankle:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.
- Hinge joint.
- Tibia/ fibula/ talus.
- Sagittal plane.
Elbow:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of motion
- Hinge joint.
- Humerus/ radius/ ulna.
- Sagittal plane.
What movements occur at the wrist?
Flexion
Extension
What movements occur at the elbow?
Flexion
Extension
What movements occur at the shoulder?
Flexion/ Extension
Adduction/ Abduction
Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation
Horizontal extension/ Horizontal flexion
What movements occur at the hip?
Flexion/ Extension
Abduction/ Adduction
Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation
What movements occur at the knee?
Flexion
Extension
What movements occur at the ankle?
Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion
Hip : Flexion: Agonist
Iliopsoas
Hip: Flexion: Antagonist
Gluteus Maximus
Hip: Extension: Agonist
Gluteus Maximus
Hip: Extension: Antagonist
Iliopsoas
Hip: Adduction: Agonist
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Hip: Adduction: Antagonist
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Hip: Abduction: Agonist
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Hip: Abduction: Antagonist
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Hip: Medial Rotation: Agonist
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Hip: Medial Rotation: Antagonist
Gluteus Maximus
Hip: Lateral Rotation: Agonist
Gluteus Maximus
Hip: Lateral Rotation: Antagonist
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Shoulder: Flexion: Agonist
Anterior Deltoid
Shoulder: Flexion: Antagonist
Posterior Deltoid
Shoulder: Extension: Agonist
Posterior Deltoid
Shoulder: Extension: Antagonist
Anterior Deltoid
Shoulder: Hz Flexion: Agonist
Pectoralis Major
Shoulder: Hz Flexion: Antagonist
Trapezius
Shoulder: Hz Extension: Agonist
Trapezius
Shoulder: Hz Extension: Antagonist
Pectoralis Major
Shoulder: Adduction: Agonist
Latissimus Dorsi
Shoulder: Adduction: Antagonist
Middle Deltoid
Shoulder: Abduction: Agonist
Middle Deltoid
Shoulder: Abduction: Antagonist
Latissimus Dorsi
Shoulder: Medial Rotation: Agonist
Subscapularis
Teres Major
Shoulder: Medial Rotation: Antagonist
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Shoulder: Lateral Rotation: Agonist
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Shoulder: Lateral Rotation: Antagonist
Subscapularis
Teres Major
Shoulder:
- Type of joint
- Articulating bones
- Planes of movement
- Ball and Socket
- Head of Humerus/ Glenoid Fossa of Scapula
- Sagittal/ Frontal/ Transverse
Hip:
- Type of Joint
- Articulating Bones
- Planes of Movement
- Ball and Socket
- Head of Humerus/ Acetabulum of Pelvis
- Saggital/ Frontal/ Transverse
What plane is flexion in?
Saggital
What plane is extension in?
Saggital
What plane is abduction in?
Frontal
What plane is adduction in?
Frontal
