Paper 1 : Networks Flashcards

To understand how networks are built and operate.

1
Q

What is a network?

A

A connection between nodes to share resources.

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2
Q

What are the two main types of networks?

A

LAN and WAN

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3
Q

What is a data packet?

A

Where data has been broken down and transported in a smaller chunk of that original data.

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4
Q

What happens when data packets reach their destination?

A

They are rebuilt.

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5
Q

What is a protocall?

A

A set of rules for how data should be transported across a network

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6
Q

What are 4 advantages of networks?

A
  • Better communication
  • Can share files
  • Can share internet connection and resources
  • Can access files anyware
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7
Q

What are 4 disadvantages of networks?

A
  • Over dependence
  • Hacking
  • Can be expensive to set up and require expertise
  • Viruses can be a problem
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8
Q

What does LAN stand for and what is it?

A

LAN stands for Local Area Network

It’s a network of computers which are all on the same site or building.

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9
Q

What does WAN stand for and what is it?

A

WAN stands for Wide Area Network

A network of LANS which are connected. They can be connected from multiples buildings or sites.

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10
Q

Give an example of a LAN.

A

A School, a house, an office or a business.

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11
Q

Give an example of a WAN.

A

The internet or a banking system.

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12
Q

What does VPN stand for and what is it?

A

Virtual Private Network.

A VPN is a network that is used to hide or secure data which is usually sensitive.

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13
Q

What does WPAN stand for and what is it?

A

Wireless Personal Area Network

A network that allows you to connect a device to a desktop machine like a phone to a car.

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14
Q

What are the three types of cables you could use for a wired network

A
  • Ethernet
  • Coaxial Cable
  • Fibre Optic Cable
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15
Q

What’s an NIC?

A

Network Interface Card

Required for a computer to be part of a network.

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16
Q

What are wireless connections vulnerable to?

What can be done to stop this?

A

They are vulnerable to interception

Limiting it to specific MAC adresses or encrypting the data.

17
Q

What are some advantages of Wireless networks?

A
  • Cheap to set up
  • Not limited to specific locations
  • Can connect multiple devices without extra hardware
  • Less distruption to the physical building as there’s no wires installed
18
Q

What does MAC stand for?

A

Media Access Control.

19
Q

What is data sent in?

A

Data is sent in packets.

20
Q

What is a switch?

A

A device where you can connect devices into a LAN network. It distributes each packet to each intended device on the network.

21
Q

What is a router?

A

A device which sends data packets to other networks.

22
Q

What is a WAP?

A

A Wireless Access Point. It allows wireless access to a wired network. It could be on it’s own, or integrated into the router itself.

23
Q

What is the internet?

A

A worldwide collection of networks that use the internet protocol suite. (TCP / IP)

24
Q

What is an IP address?

A

A number that identifies where a device is geographically and what device it is. (Every device has a unique IP address)

25
Q

What is an ISP?

A

An internet service provider. They’re large companies that you pay for internet access.

26
Q

What are the three parts of data packets?

A

Header, Data and Trailer

27
Q

What does the header of a data packet contain?

A

Packet number, MAC and IP address, what protocol is being used.

28
Q

What might the trailer of a data packet contain?

A

A checksum. This is a number which is compared to a checksum at the receiving end. If it matches, the data hasn’t been corrupted.

29
Q

What is DNS? Why do we use them?

A

A DNS or a Domain Name Server, is the name you type in so that you can visit the website (the URL). We use them because they’re a lot easier than typing out IPs.

30
Q

What happens when you type in a domain name into your url bar?

A

First the domain name will be sent to Domain Name Server from your browser. If the first DNS that receives your request doesn’t have the domain name, the request is sent along to another DNS. When the DNS finds the Domain Name, it’s returned to the users browser.

31
Q

What is the Cloud? How does it work?

A

The delivery of services through the internet. The data is hosted by the company and accessed by you.

32
Q

What are the advantages of cloud computing?

A

Can access data from anywhere. Hardware and expertise is done by someone else. No need to update software. (Usually) better security.

33
Q

What are the disadvantages of cloud computing?

A

You need an internet connection. You become reliant on the host for data and security. You can’t control what might happen to your data. Costly for small users.