Paper 1- Gender Flashcards
GCSE pass rate based off gender (2022)
Girls- 76.7% grade 4+
Boys- 69.8% grade 4+
GIRLS out performing BOYS
Frances Heidensohn
CONTROL THEORY
Women and girls are controlled more than boys and men.
Boys enjoy comparative freedom however girls are controlled by their fathers from a young age.
PATRIARCHAL SOCIETY
Angela McRobbie
BEDROOM CULTURE
argues that girls are not socialised to engage in crime and deviance through bedroom culture. Girls spent more time in their bedrooms learning to sit quietly, reading and writing instead of racing around streets late at night.
Sex discrimintation act 1975
Renders discrimination against women unlawful except when its special treatment in favour of the woman based on pregnancy.
External factors that indicate that the overall trend is that girls are outperforming boys:
-bedroom culture (Mcrobbie)
- control theory (heidensohn’s)
- girls reading with parents
- Employment of women (increased, setting example for young girls as women are now pulling the triple shift)
- Toys that parents give to their daughters (writing vs skateboarding- girls become school ready faster- links to bedroom culture)
- Feminism (Triple shift)
EF- Feminism/ male identity crisis
Feminism challenges the typical patriarchal stereotypes that girls face and encourages and drives the pupils.
Male identity crisis- some job roles that would have traditionally been filled by males are now decreasing/ being filled by females e.g. Science and maths teachers.
EF- The ‘New Man’
The new man refers to the idea that men can work and also help in the house with the childcare and housework.
Just 1.2% of all families have the father as the primary caregiver.
IF- Teacher student relationships
- More female teachers, encourages girls and boosts their self-confidence.
- JOHN ABRAHAM (1986) Ideal pupils- girls are described as bright, well behaves and hard working whereas boys were described as not particularly bright, likes a laugh and always seeking attention.
IF- Curriculum content
-Boys and girls study the same content.
-How well are girls represented in the curriculum in comparison to boys?
- Males still dominate sending powerful messages to children.
IF- Organisation of teaching and learning
Swann (1998) - Boys dominate in class discussion, whereas girls prefer paid-work and group-work.
Feminisation of teaching- female teachers hold lower expectation for boys’ abilities. the absense of male role models creates problem for boys in terms of motivation, discipline and social interaction.
IF- Student identity and the peer group
Stanworth (1982)- teachers learned boys names more quickly and held higher career expectations of the boys and tended to upgrade boys work.
IF- Pupil identities and subcultures- The Hidden Curriculum
Sexism in schools- 66% of females and 37% of male sixth from students have witnessed the use of sexist language in school.
This unconciously continues the patriarchal society.
Sex discrimination act (1975) and the equality act (2010)
Protects employees from direct discrimination, harassment and victimisation. The policy and careers that are traditionally male dominated.
