Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry Paper 1 > Paper 1 > Flashcards

Paper 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

How did the atomic structure develop over time?

A

In 1803 dalton discovered the solid atom model, in 1904 Thomson discovers the plum pudding model, in 1911 Rutherford discovered the solar system model, in 1913 Bohr discovered the electron cell model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an isotope

A

An isotope is an element with the same number protons but a different number of neutrons. Same atomic number but different mass number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you work out relative atomic mass

A

You multiply the mass number of each isotope by its percentage present and add them all together and divide by 100.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who was Mendeleev

A

Dimitri Mendeleev was a scientist who created a basic periodic table in 1869 which developed into the current periodic table.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was changed to Mendeleevs periodic table

A

In mendeleevs periodic table it was ordered by RAM however the modern periodic table is ordered by mass number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a group on the periodic table

A

Groups show how many outer shell electron a element has

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a period on the periodic table show

A

Periods show how many electron shells each element has

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an ion

A

An ion is an atom with a positive or negative charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a cation

A

A cation is a positively charged ion. This is formed by a metal donating its outer shell of electrons to a non metal so both have a full outer shell of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an anion

A

An anion is a negatively charged ion. It got donated the outer shell of a metal so that both have a full outer shell of electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the properties of an ion.

A

Ions have strong electrostatic forces of attraction. Ions form a lattice structure which has a regular arrangement of ions. Ionic compounds often have high bp and mp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons (between 2 or more non metals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is graphene.

A

Graphene is a giant molecular substance which resembles a single layer of graphite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are fullerenes

A

Fullerenes are a sheet of graphene filled to form hollow balls and tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are typical properties of metals

A

Metals often are shiny, good electrical conductors, have high density and have high melting points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are metallic bonds

A

Metallic bonds are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the structure of a metal?

A

A metal consists of a giant lattice of positively charged metal ions. And it has a sea of delocalised electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the empirical formula

A

This is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the relative formula mass

A

The relative formula mass is used to calculate the RAM of all atoms shown in its formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass

A

The law of conservation of ,ass stats that the total mass of reactants and products stays constant during a chemical reaction. The total mass before and after a reaction is the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a closed system

A

A closed system is a situation in which no substances can enter or leave during a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a non- enclosed reaction

A

A non-enclosed system is a situation in which substances can enter or leave during a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does it mean when a reactant is in excess

A

This means that there is enough to react with other reactants and for some to be left overhead when the reaction ends

24
Q

What is a solution

A

A solution is a mixture of a solute (the substance that dissolves) and a solvent (the substance the solute dissolves in)

25
Q

What is avrogadros constant

A

This is 6.02x10^^23

26
Q

What is a mole

A

A mole is the unit for the amount of a substance. 1 mol is Avogadro constant number of particles of that substance

27
Q

What is the equation for moles

A

Moles = mass / RAM or RAF

28
Q

What is a pure substance

A

A pure substance contains a singular element or compound

29
Q

What is paper chromatography used for?

A

Paper chromatography is used to separate mixtures of soluble substances

30
Q

What is a strong acid.

A

A strong acid fully dissociate ions into a solution

31
Q

What is a weak acid

A

A weak acid is an acid that partially dissociates ions into a solution

32
Q

What is a base

A

A base is an alkali that reacts with acid to form a salt and water only

33
Q

What is electrolysis

A

Electrolysis is the process to decompose ionic compounds in he molten state or dissolved in water

34
Q

What is an electrolyte

A

An ionic compound in its molten state

35
Q

What is an anode

A

Is the positively charge electrode that attracts negative anions. It is the opposite to the cathode

36
Q

What is the reactivity series.

(Private Second class m a c z i t k he can make some gun powder

A

Potassium, sodium, calcium magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc, iron, tin, lead, hydrogen, copper, mercury, silver, gold, platinum

37
Q

What is oxidation

A

Oxidation is the gain of oxygen by a substance and the loss of an electron

38
Q

What is reduction

A

Reduction is the loss of oxygen by a substance and the gain of an electron

39
Q

How do you extract iron ore

A

You extract iron by reducing iron oxide using carbon in a blast furnace.

Iron oxide + carbon -> iron + carbon monoxide

40
Q

How do you extract aluminium

A

Because aluminium is more reactive than carbon it is reduced in an electrolytic cell. It is dissolved in cryolite. At cathode aluminium ions gain electrons and turn into aluminium. At anode oxide ions lose electrons to form oxygen

41
Q

What is bioleaching

A

Bioleaching is a biological method of metal extraction that uses bacteria. Copper can be copper sulfide. The bacteria oxidises sulfide ions. The ore breaks down and the copper ions are released.

42
Q

What is a life cycle assessment

A

A life cycle assessment is a analysis of its impact on the environmental

43
Q

What are Transition metals

A

These are the majority of metals and are placed between group 2 and 3

44
Q

What are the physical properties of transition metals

A

High mp, high density and are suitable for construction materials

45
Q

What are the chemical properties of transition metals

A

Typical properties include, formation of coloured compounds, catalytic activity. These are often used as catalysts.

46
Q

What are the properties of group 1 and 2 metals

A

Typical properties include, low mp, low density, formation of white or colourless compounds and lack of catalytic activity

47
Q

What does oxidation of metals result in

A

Oxidation in metals results in corrosion. The corrosion of iron and steel is rusting

48
Q

How can you prevent rusting

A

Some ways are painting, using grease, coating with plastic or another metal. And storing a more reactive metal like zinc inside the metal

49
Q

Why are alloys stronger than pure metals

A

This is because they have particles made of many different size atoms meaning it’s hard for them to move

50
Q

What is the equation for atom economy

A

Atom economy = total RAM of desired product / total RAM of all products * 100

51
Q

What is the haber process

A

This is a reversible reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia

52
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium

A

In a closed system a reversible reaction can reach equilibrium. A chemical equilibrium is dynamic

53
Q

What is a fuel cell

A

A hydrogen oxygen fuel cell is made by the 2 and makes a voltage.

54
Q

What is a chemical cell

A

This is made by a piece of zinc in zinc sulphate and copper in copper sulphate and connect them.

55
Q

What is an endothermic reaction

A

An endothermic reaction is where the temperature in the surroundings decrease due to the reactants not producing enough energy

56
Q

What is klar volume

A

Volume / moles

57
Q

What is another equation for moles

A

Volume/24

Chemistry Paper 1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions