Paper 1 2022 Flashcards
Describe one difference between nervous and hormonal system
Hormones go to target cells only
Explain effect of increasing temperature on rate of gas production
M1 increasing kE
M2 more collisions
Describe how to measure rate of gas production
M1 measure volume
Why is median used and not mean
Data is less affected by anomalies
Explain why vital capacity changes with age
Increases as body size increases, decreases as diaphragm weakens
Describe method to demonstrate3 affect of exercise on breathing rate
M1 count number of breaths per minute
M2 control sex
Tip: mark for a control and for a specific measurement
How do you measure with Quadrats
Use random sampling
Comment on energy transfers in this ecosystem
M1 fewer organisms at top of pyramid
M2 less biomass at top of pyramid
M3 not all material digested
M4 not all organisms eaten
Describe how anther adapted to wind pollination
Is it exposed/ outside flower
Discuss likely causes of allergic responses in each person
M1 person A allergic to tree pollen
M2 person B allergic to mainly grass pollen
M3 person B mild allergy to tree and weed
Tip: Mark for mild, mark for severe
Which is structure N
Cell membrane
Define immune response
M1 response to antigens
M2 by white blood cells
Give the name of liquid found in gap
Sodium chloride
Explain differences in appearance of cell in distilled water and sodium chloride
M1 water enters cell
M2 by osmosis
M3 from high to low water potential
M4 cytoplasm pushed against cell membrane
Describe experiment to show different concentrations effect on cell appearance
M1 rhubarb epidermis
M2 use same volume of solutions
M3 observe under microscope
M4 leave cell for 20 minutes
Function of protein
For growth/repair
Evaluate what table shows about relationship of body mass, age and heart attacks
M1 large study
M2 long term study
M3 only in one country
M4 increasing mass increases CHD
M5 CHD more common in older groups
Explain why agouti is dominant
All offspring are agouti
Final mark in genetic diagrams is for…
Label phenotypes
State name of genetic control for many genes
Polygenic
Explain why size of adrenal glands and production of neurotransmitters affects rat behaviour
M2 adrenaline affected heart rate
M3 neurotransmitter levels affect synapses
Explain how difference in iris affects vision
M3 too much light enters eye
3rd mark for selective breeding questions
Repeat over many generations
2 missed marks for graphing
Label axis and units
Explain why shorter,thicker stem is an advantage
M1 less energy used for growing tall
M2 less likely to fall over
