Paper 1 Flashcards
What is the purpose of Paragraphs?
The basic function of a paragraph is to separate content. The opening paragraph is
often introductory in nature and final paragraph is often of a concluding nature. The
body paragraphs are used to help the reader follow the logic of your argument.
What is the effect of short sentances
Many rhetorical texts use very short paragraphs, which can be very emphatic. Sometimes even a 1-word paragraph can be used (called a holophrastic sentence), which can be especially emphatic for the meaning of the word used.
6 common webpage features to look out for and what are their effects/purpose
- Look out for the drop-down menus, often in imperative form. These allow readers to
easily and efficiently navigate the website and find relevant content that they are
looking for. - Look out for social media ‘share’ tabs. This is a key part of modern online texts that
often depend on people liking the content and finding it relevant and then sharing it. - Look out for hyperlinks, which also allow readers to explore related relevant
information. - Look out for ‘call to action’ tabs, again often in imperative format, which direct
readers to take action related to the purpose of the webpage, i.e., BUY or DONATE. - You might want to bring in the title or subtitle.
- The by-line gives information on who wrote the text and the date of publication.
6 common features of images to look out for and what are their effects/purpose
- A photograph can also add to the reliability, trustworthiness, credibility, and
authority of a text, as it can provide visual evidence of what is being discussed. - An image may create comedy (i.e. a cartoon style image).
- Your image may include colour or be in black and white. Different colours can
create varying degrees of contrast and emphasis. Colour might also allow a better
understanding of what is being discussed and would also help in memory retention. - Consider the possible connotations (possibly stereotypical - i.e., pink for
girls/women) of the colours used. - Consider also the detail (or lack of it) provided in the image.
- Consider the facial expressions, body language, clothing, and depiction of gender
of people in the images.
Purpose of layout. and text boxes
This allows different topics to be separated in a more significant way than merely paragraphs and yet contribute cumulatively as a whole. It can allow different points of view, different registers, different tones etc. to be included in an entire text without the differences between the style becoming confusing.
Things to consider for 1st person texts and the effects pf 1st person POV
In a first-person point of view, a critical reader is always considering bias and reliability.
Effects: reliability, trust, immediacy, authority, realism, intimacy, empathy; credibility; it’s comfortable for the reader as it’s common.
The first person can create a more informal register, and possibly a chatty, friendly, and more casual tone.
Things to consider for 2nd person texts and the effects of 2nd person POV
The second person point of view places the reader himself/herself in the text. The reader is therefore carrying out the actions described or the reader is thinking the thoughts described.
Beware! The mere use of the pronoun “you” does not necessarily indicate that the second person point of view is being used.
Effects: it is interesting and different; there is an intimacy between the writer and the reader, the reader becomes involved in the story/issue as he/she becomes involved as a player in the narrative. The second person can create a more informal register
Things to consider for 3rd person texts and the effects of 3rd person POV
Effects: Objectivity, reliability, trust, it’s comfortable for the reader as it’s common.
It can create a more formal register than other POVs.
It might create a more serious and solemn tone
Things to consider for stream of consciousness and the effects of it
This point of view is characterised by connected and unconnected and random leaps in grammar and punctuation that can make the prose difficult to follow. It traces a character’s fragmentary thoughts and sensory feelings as though the reader were inside the narrator’s mind. The speaker’s thought processes are more often depicted as overheard (or addressed to oneself). It is primarily a fictional device but it could be
found in non-fiction Paper 1 texts.
Effects: Very intimate; interesting; funny; realism; reliability; trust.
Things to consider in titles and their effects
Titles of course indicates the subject of the text but can have further functions, such as indicating the register and tone of the article to come.
Titles often use certain techniques. These are often use to create some light humour.
- Alliteration
- Assonance
- Humour
- Pun
- Tone
- Register
- Cultural references
How may higher or low register be created and what are their respective effects?
Higher Register can be caused by:
Higher level or complex diction, including technical/scientific vocabulary.
* The 3rd
person point of view.
* The passive voice.
* No slang/idiom/argot.
* No/few contractions or abbreviations
* Statistics and facts.
* Formal versions of words, i.e., “receive” rather than “got”; “purchase” rather than
“buy”.
* A lack of humour.
* A serious topic.
* An impersonal style
Effects: a serious tone; a didactic tone; good for an educated audience who might
expect respect; good for formal, official, or ceremonial situations;
Lower register can be caused by:
* The 1st
and 2nd
* 2nd
person pronouns.
* Slang/idiom/argot.
* A conversational/light tone.
* The use of humour.
* Hyperbole.
Effects: creates a friendly relationship between writer and reader (the ‘production
and ‘reception’ of the text); a conversational/friendly/light tone.
person points of view.
What are the 4 things that should be in an introduction for paper 1
- One sentence introducing the text.
- One or two sentences on who the audience of the text is. Tr and explain what ‘kind’ of a person the audience is (their ideologies).
- One or two sentences on the purpose of the text, linking to any key ideas that the text is trying to convey. Identify the purpose clearly is key in this essay as it is an integral part of the Guiding Question.
- One or two sentences to create a thesis statement. The thesis statement should explain our approach to answering our Guiding Question. Use key words from the Guiding Question.
