Pancreatic Secretion

Question 1

spherical or tubular, or can have some other irregular form.

specialized to synthesize, store, and secrete digestive enzymes

the acinar cell secretes a trypsin inhibitor, pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor.

Answer 1

The acinus (from the Latin term meaning “berry in a cluster”)

Question 2

Pancreatic Acinar Cell Secretory Products

Answer 2

PROENZYMES*
Anionic trypsinogen
Cationic trypsinogen Chymotrypsinogen (A, B) Kallireinogen Mesotrypsinogen Procarboxypeptidase A (1, 2) Procarboxypeptidase B (1, 2) Proelastase Prophospholipase A2

ENZYMES
Amylase Carboxylesterase DNase
Lipase (TG lipase) RNase
Sterol esterase

Question 3

secreted by both the pancreas and salivary glands.

These enzymes digest starch and glycogen in the diet.

Answer 3

Human amylase

Question 4

The pancreas secretes 3 lipases:

Answer 4

lipase (or TG lipase), prophos- pholipase A2, and carboxylesterase

Question 5

The pancreas secretes a variety of proenzyme proteases that are activated in the duodenum by trypsin

Answer 5

Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase are endopeptidases that cleave spe- cific peptide bonds adjacent to specific amino acids

Question 6

The most potent amino acids for stimulating pancreatic secretion in humans

Answer 6

phenylalanine, valine, methionine, and tryptophan.

Question 7

major humoral mediator of meal-stimulated enzyme secretion during the intestinal phase.

Answer 7

CCK

Question 8

The function tests fall into 2 general categories:

Answer 8

direct and indirect.

Question 9

tests of pancreatic secretory function involve collection of pancreatic secretions after IV administration of a secretagogue or a combination of secretagogues.

gold standard for measurement of pancreatic function.

Answer 9

Direct Tests

Question 10

tests of pancreatic secretory function include measurement of (1) pancreatic enzymes in duodenal samples after nutrient ingestion, (2) products of digestive enzyme action on ingested substrates, and (3) pancreatic enzymes in the stool.

Answer 10

Indirect tests

Question 11

Direct

Answer 11

Secretin

CCK

Question 12

Detection of mild, moderate, or severe exocrine pancreatic dysfunction

Answer 12

secretin

Question 13

Detection of moderate or severe exocrine pancreatic dysfunction when a direct test cannot be done (e.g., due to limited availability)

This meal test is primarily of historical significance and designed to determine the effect of a meal on pancreatic secretion.

The subject ingests a 300-mL liquid test meal composed of dried milk, vegetable oil, and dextrose (6% fat, 5% protein, and 15% carbohydrate).

Answer 13

Lundh test meal