Pancreatic Enzymes Flashcards
What are the pancreatic enzymes?
Amylase and lipase
To what class of enzymes does amylase belong?
Hydrolase
It catalyzes the breakdown of starch and glycogen
Amylase
2 components of starch
Amylose and amylopectin
It is a branched chain polysaccharide with alpha, 1-6 linkages at branching points
Amylopectin
Long unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by alpha, 1-4 glycosidic bonds
Amylose
Glycogen is similar to what component of starch?
Amylopectin
Alpha-AMY attacks only the alpha, 1-4 glycosidic bonds producing…
Glucose, maltose and dextrin
Intermediate chain which contains alpha, 1-6 linkages
Dextrin
Amylase requires these ions for activation
Calcium and chloride
Major tissue sources of amylase
Salivary glands and acinar cells (pancreas)
It is the smallest enzyme
Amylase
Which amylase (salivary or pancreatic) is of short duration and inhibited by the acidity of gastric contents?
Salivary amylase
Which amylase (pancreatic or salivary) performs the major digestive action of starches?
Pancreatic amylase
Urine and serum AMY is significant in the diagnosis of what disease
Acute pancreatitis
Condition which can occur in neoplastic diseases with elevated results as high as 50 times the ULN
Hyperamylasemia
Condition that results when amylase molecule combines with immunoglobulins
Macroamylasemia
Isoenzymes of amylase
P and S isoamylase
Isoamylase that migrate most quickly
S isoamylase
Most commonly observed fraction of isoamylase
P2, S1 and S2
What isoamylase significantly increases in acute pancreatitis? And what is the predominant isoenzyme involved?
P isoamylase, P3
Methods of determination of amylase activity
Amyloclastic method, saccharogenic, chromogenic, continuous monitoring
Measures the disappearance of starch
Amyloclastic
Measures the appearance of product
Saccharogenic
Measures the increasing color from production of product coupled with a chromogenic dye
Chromogenic
Coupling of several enzyme systems to monitor amylase activity
Continuous monitoring method
Classic reference method for amylase
Saccharogenic
It is an expression of the number of milligrams of glucose released in 30 minutes at 37 degree celsius under specific assay conditions
Somogyi units
Change in absorbance of NAD is measured at? (Continuous monitoring method)
340 nm
Salivary AMY is inhibited by
Wheat germ lectin
True or false
Plasma triglycerides inhibit or suppress serum LPS activity
False
Should be Amylase
True or false
Morphine and other opiates falsely decrease serum AMY
True
Conversion factor between somogyi units and IUs
1.85
It hydrolyzes ester linkages of fats to produce alcohol and fatty acids
Lipase
Intermediate in the partial hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides
2-monoglyceride
True or false
The substrate must be an emulsion for the activity of pancreatic lipase, specific for FA residues at position 1 and 3, to occur?
True
Reaction rate of the pancreatic lipase is accelerated by
Colipase and bile salt
Most clinically specific and sensitive lipase isoenzyme
L2
Which pancreatic eznyme is more specific for pancreatic disorders?
Lipase
2 Method of determination of lipase using titrimetric method ?
Cherry crandall and tietz
Substrate for cherry crandall
Olive oil (50%)
Substrate for tietz that is a pure form of triglyceride
Triolein
Method for lipase determination that is more rapid and simpler
Turbidimetric method
Salivary amylase is also known as
Ptyalin
Pancreatic amylase is also known as
Amylopsin
Lipase remains in circulation for how many days
8 days
End color of cherry crandall? Tietz?
Cherry crandall - pink
Tietz - blue
