Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy Block 2 > Pancreas, Small Intestine, And Large Intestine > Flashcards

Pancreas, Small Intestine, And Large Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the exocrine portion of the pancreas?

A

Produces a secretion that contains enzymes capable of hydrolyzing proteins, fats and carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What abdominal regions is the pancreas located in

A

Epigastric and LUQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Location of the head of the pancreas

Location of the tail

A

Within the concavity of duodenum

Passes in the splenorenal ligament and comes in contact with hilum of spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 4 structures are anteriorly related to the pancreas

A

Transverse colon, transverse mesocolon, lesser sac and stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Location of pancreatic duct

Where does it open into?

A

Tail of pancreas

Opens into middle of 2nd part of duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What two arteries and veins supply the pancreas

A

Splenic and superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries and their corresponding veins (which drain into portal system

~review: splenic artery is branch of celiac trunk, superior pan. Is branch of gastroduodenal artery from common hepatic artery, inferior pan. Is branch of superior mesenteric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which two lymph nodes do the pancreas drain into

A

Celiac and superior mesenteric lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation of pancreas comes from?

A

Vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens at the small intestine

A

Greater part of digestion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the major duodenal papilla?

A

Rounded elevation where the bile duct and main pancreatic duct pierce the second part of duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What abdominal regions is the duodenum located

A

Epigastric and umbilical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Relations of 1st part of duodenum:

  1. Anteriorly
  2. Posteriorly
  3. Superiorly
  4. Inferiorly
A
  1. Quadrate lobe of liver and gallbladder
  2. Part of lesser sac, gastroduodenal artery, bile duct, portal vein, and IVC
  3. Epiploic foramen (entrance into lesser sac)
  4. Head of pancreas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Relations of 2nd part of duodenum (vertical):

  1. Anteriorly
  2. Posteriorly
  3. Laterally
  4. Medially
A
  1. Gallbladder, right lobe of liver, transverse colon
  2. Hilum of right kidney and right ureter
  3. Ascending colon, right lobe of liver
  4. Head of pancreas, bile duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Arterial supply of :

  1. Upper half of duodenum
  2. Lower half of duodenum
A
  1. Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

2. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Veinous drainage of the upper and lower half of duodenum

A

Upper: superior pancreaticoduodenal vein drains into the portal vein

Lower: inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein joins the superior mesenteric vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lymph drainage:
Arteries that run upwards drain upwards through which 3 nodes?

Arteries that run downwards drain downwards through which 2 nodes

A

Upward: pancreaticoduodenal nodes -> gastroduodenal nodes -> celiac nodes (follows arteries)

Downward: pancreaticoduodenal nodes -> superior mesenteric nodes (follows arteries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nerve supply to duodenum?

A

Vagus nerves from the celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mesentery of the small intestine connects what?

A

Coils of jejunum and ileum to posterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Difference in size of jejunum compared to ileum

A

Jejunum is wider and thicker walled and redder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Location of jejunal mesentery compared to ileal mesentery?

A

Jejunal is to the left of aorta

Ileal is to the right of aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are peyers patches and where are they located

A

Aggregations of lymphoid tissue in the lower ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Arterial supply of jejunum and ileum

A

Branches of superior mesenteric artery that anastomose with one another to form a series of arcades
Ileocolic artery also supplies lowest part of ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lymph drainage of jejunum and ileum

A

Superior mesenteric nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nerve supply of jejunum and ileum

A

Vagus nerves from the superior mesenteric plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

6 parts of the large intestine

A

Cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Primary function of large intestine

A

Absorption of water and electrolytes and storage of undigested material until it can be expelled as feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Location of the cecum

A

Right iliac fossa

28
Q

Where on the cecum is the appendix located

A

Posteromedial surface

29
Q

Relations of the cecum:

  1. Anteriorly
  2. Posteriorly
A
  1. Coils of small intestines, anterior abdominal wall in the right iliac region and sometimes part of the greater omentum
  2. Psoas and iliacus muscle, femoral nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, appendix
30
Q

Blood supply of cecum

A

Anterior and posterior cecal arteries from the ileocolic artery which is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

Venous drainage

A

Into superior mesenteric vein

32
Q

Nerve supply of cecum

A

Same as ileum and jejunum; vagus nerves from the superior mesenteric plexus

33
Q

What is gastrin

A

Hormone produced by the stomach that causes relaxation of the muscle tone

34
Q

You can find the appendix at McBurneys point. Location?

A

Joining the right ASIS to the umbilicus

35
Q

Arterial supply of the appendix

A

Appendicular artery (branch of posterior cecal artery)

36
Q

Lymph drainage of appendix

A

Superior mesenteric nodes

37
Q

Nerve supply of appendix

A

Vagus nerve from superior mesenteric plexus

~afferent nerve fibers for visceral pain enter spinal cord at T10

38
Q

Blood supply of ascending colon

A

Ileocolic and right colic branches of superior mesenteric artery

39
Q

Lymph drainage of ascending colon

A

Superior mesenteric nodes

40
Q

Blood supply of the transverse colon

A

Proximal 2/3 by middle colic artery (branch of SUPERIOR mesenteric artery); distal 1/3 by left colic artery (branch of INFERIOR mesenteric artery)

41
Q

Lymph drainage of transverse colon

A

Proximal 2/3: colic nodes-> superior mesenteric nodes

Distal 1/3: colic nodes-> inferior mesenteric nodes

42
Q

Nerve supply of transverse colon

A

Proximal 2/3: vagus nerve from superior mesenteric plexus

Distal 1/3: pelvic splanchnic nerves through inferior mesenteric plexus

43
Q

Blood supply of descending colon

A

Left colic and sigmoid branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

~venous drainage into inferior mesenteric vein

44
Q

Lymph drainage of descending colon

A

Colic nodes-> inferior mesenteric nodes

45
Q

Nerve supply of descending colon

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves through inferior mesenteric plexus

46
Q

Blood supply of sigmoid colon

A

Sigmoid branches of inferior mesenteric artery

47
Q

Lymph drainage of sigmoid colon

A

Nodes along sigmoid arteries->Inferior mesenteric nodes

48
Q

Nerve supply of sigmoid colon

A

Nerves from inferior hypogastric plexuses

49
Q

Blood supply to rectum is from superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries: what are each branches of and what do they supply?

A
  1. Superior= direct continuation of inferior mesenteric artery; mucous membrane
  2. Middle= branch of internal iliac artery; muscular coat
  3. Inferior= branch of internal pudendal artery in peritoneum
50
Q

Venous drainage of superior, middle, and inferior rectal arteries

A 
Superior= inferior mesenteric vein
Middle= internal iliac vein
Inferior= internal pudendal artery
51
Q

Union of rectal veins forms?

A

Portal-systemic anastomoses

52
Q

Lymph drainage of the rectum

A

Pararectal nodes-> inferior mesenteric nodes

Lower part of rectum: internal iliac nodes

53
Q

Nerve supply of rectum?

A

Inferior hypogastric plexuses

54
Q

Superior mesenteric artery:

  1. Supplies what 7 organs
  2. Originates and runs?
A
  1. Distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon and most of transverse colon
  2. Abdominal aorta (below celiac trunk); runs down and to the right behind pancreas to in between layers of the mesentery then anastomoses with ileal branch of ileocolic branch
55
Q

Name 4 branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, middle colic artery, right colic artery, and ileocolic artery

56
Q

Where does the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery run and what does it supply

A

Runs along the upper border of third part of duodenum and head of pancreas and supplies pancreas and adjoining part of duodenum

57
Q

Where does the middle colic artery run and what does it supply

A

Forward in the transverse mesocolon and supplies transverse colon (also divides into right and left branch)

58
Q

Right colic artery supplies?

A

Ascending colon; divides into ascending and descending branches

59
Q

Ileocolic artery gives rise to two branches. What are they and what they anastomose with

A

Superior branch-anastomoses with right colic artery

Inferior branch- anastomoses with end of superior mesenteric artery

60
Q

How does the inferior mesenteric artery run and what does it become?

A

Runs down and to the left and crosses the left common iliac artery. It becomes the superior rectal artery

61
Q

3 branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left colic artery, sigmoid arteries and superior rectal artery

62
Q

What does the left colic artery supply

A

Distal 1/3 of transverse colon, left colic flexure and upper part of descending colon

63
Q

What do the sigmoid arteries supply

A

(There are ~2-3) supply descending and sigmoid colon

64
Q

Where does the superior rectal artery run and what does it supply

A

Continuation of inferior mesenteric artery- runs into the pelvis behind the rectum. Supplies the rectum and upper half of anal canal and anastomoses with the middle rectal and inferior rectal arteries

65
Q

What is the marginal artery

A

Anastomoses of colic arteries around the concave margin of the large intestine (begins at ileocecal junction and ends where it anastomoses less freely with the superior rectal artery)

Gross Anatomy Block 2 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions